lect 4

Question 1

The Treaty of Lausanne replaced

Answer 1

the treaty of sevres

Question 2

Despite few restrictions on the Turkish Straits and some commercial and judicial privileges, the Treaty of Lausanne has served as

Answer 2

the international recognition of the Turkish National Pact (Misak-ı Milli),

Question 3

The Reasons of the Abolishment of the Sultanate:

Answer 3

1.the abolishment of the Sultanate was the desire of Ataturk to establish a modern nation-state rather than outdated monarcy after the Independence War.
2.*The attitude of Sultan Vahdettin towards the Nationalist Movement
3.The principal event to accelerate the abolishment of the Sultanate was the dual invitation of Great
Britain for the Istanbul and Ankara Governments to the Lausanne Conference.
4.Desire of some circles for the continuance of the Sultanate

Question 4

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TURKISH REPUBLIC was on ?

Answer 4

29 October 1923

Question 5

differences between theottoman empire and the turkish republic

Answer 5

1.Turkey is a nation-state; it is not an empire like the Ottoman State
2.The political regime of Turkey is not an autocracy or theocracy but was a parliamentary
democracy between 1923 and 2017.
3While the Ottoman Empire was a multinational, multi-racial, and multireligious state, the
Turkish Republic has more or less a homogenous society.

Question 6

Mustafa Kemal Pasha was not actually a head of state but the?

Answer 6

Spokeperson of the National
Assembly

Question 7

the first clause of the
Constitution was ?

Answer 7

the regime of Turkiye is the republic

Question 8

By means of the Declaration of the Republic ….

Answer 8

1) The regime reached its true form and name,
2) Presidency problem was resolved,
3) The country went through a significant phase towards a modern and contemporary state.
4) «The Cabinet Regime» began instead of the Assembly Government Regime

Question 9

The President granted the right to form the first Republican government to

Answer 9

ismet inonu

Question 10

Former Prime Minister, Fethi Okyar Bey was elected as

Answer 10

assembly spokkeperson

Question 11

Turkish Reforms

Answer 11

• Political Reforms
• Judicial / Legal Reforms
• Educational and Cultural Reforms
• Social Reforms Economic Reforms

Question 12

the Turkish Grand National Assembly was established in

Answer 12

ankara

Question 13

caliphate was abolished on ?

Answer 13

march 3 1924

Question 14

caliphate was abolished on ?

Answer 14

march 3 1924

Question 15

After the abolishment of the Sultanate, Grand National Asembly elected?

Answer 15

abdulmajed effendy as the new caliph

Question 16

Importance of abolishing the caliphate

Answer 16

• It is an important step for the transition to the secular regime.
• The principle of national sovereignty was reinforced.
• The way back to the reign of the supporters of the old regime was closed.
• It provided a basis for the reforms to be made.
• The dual structure in the state administration has disappeared.
• The search for ummahism in Turkey has come to an end and the foundations of nationalism
  have been strengthened

Question 17

laws that were adopted on the day of abolishment of caliphate are ?

Answer 17

1.Tevhid-i Tedrisat (Teaching Union) Law
2.Presidency of Religious Affairs and General Directorate of Foundations were established
3.Erkan-ı Harbiye Ministry of Defense was abolished and replaced by the General Staff and the
Ministry of National Defense.