LECT 1 culture species Flashcards
Definition of culture?
Any kind of information, which is socially transmitted between species members, and influence their behaviours
Is human knowledge transmission fast?
Yes, it is fast and robust, allowing the learner to reproduce the knowledge accurately and the group to accumulate and improve the knowledge over time.
Mechanisms of cumulative culture learning?
The sociality, the motivation to bond, belong, interact, and fit in
Social-cognitive skills which enables- understanding other’s thought- (theory of mind)
Sharing the attention to collaborate (Joint attention)
How does Cultural diversity come about?
-Humanity shares a wide range of cultural information, but diversity in cultural traditions is also observed.
-Cultural tradition is a collection of cultural elements, such as ideas and practices, passed down over generations, accompanied by the groups sense of cultural identity.
direct and indirect causes of ecological and geographical impacts?
Direct causes- guns, ships, steels, swords, armour and horses
-Germs (smallpox) and immunity against them
Indirect causes- animal and plants locally available for domestication
Individualism
Emphasis personal goals over group goals, the self definition as distinct and unique, and independent actions.
Collectivism
Emphasises group goals over personal goals, self-definitions reflective of roles and relationships, and ‘fitting in’ to social norms and requirements.
Culture tightness
Tight cultures have clear and harsh penalties for non-compliance; loose cultures allow for freedom to choose how to behave as you like.
Honour culture
Important to maintain reputation, dignity and social standing; promotes the defence of family, community and traditions
Does culture change?
Culture is not stable but dynamic, cultural traditions change.
