Lección 1 Grammar Flashcards
Present Tense -Ar Verb Endings
- o
- as
- a
- amos
- áis
- an
Present Tense -Er Verb Endings
- o
- es
- e
- emos
- éis
- en
Present Tense -Ir Verb Endings
- o
- es
- e
- imos
- ís
- en
The nos/vos forms ___ have a stem change in the present tense.
never
- AR and - ER Stem Changes:
e — ____
o — ____
e: ie
o: ue
-IR Stem Changes:
e – ____
e: i
Pensar (Present Tense)
pienso piensas piensa pensamos pensáis piensan
Poder (Present Tense)
puedo puedes puede podemos podéis pueden
Pedir (Present Tense)
pido pides pide pedimos pedís piden
Jugar (Present Tense)
juego juegas juega jugamos jugáis juegan
In the present, some ER & IR verbs have irregular __-forms.
Irregular yo-form(s)
Present: IRR Yo-forms
Verbs ending in -cer and -cir change to ____ in the yo-form
-zco
Present: IRR Yo-forms
Verbs ending in -ger and -gir change to ____ in the yo-form
jo
Present IRR: caer
yo caigo
Present IRR: distinguir
yo distingo
Present IRR: hacer
yo hago
Present IRR: poner
yo pongo
Present IRR: salir
yo salgo
Present IRR: traer
yo traigo
Present IRR: valer
yo valgo
Present IRR: dirigir
yo dirijo
Present IRR:escoger
yo escojo
Present IRR: exigir
yo exijo
Present IRR: proteger
yo protejo
Present IRR: conducir
yo conduzco
Present IRR: conocer
yo conozco
Present IRR: crecer
yo crezco
Present IRR: obedecer
yo obedezco
Present IRR: parecer
yo parezco
Present IRR: producir
produzco
Present IRR: traducir
traduzco
Present IRR: caber
yo quepo
Present IRR: saber
so sé
Present IRR: ver
yo veo
caer
to fall
distinguir
to distinguish
hacer
to do; to make
poner
to put; to place
poner
to put, to place
salir
to leave, to go out
traer
to bring
valer
to be worth
dirigir
to direct
escoger
to choose
exigir
to demand
proteger
to protect
conducir
to drive
conocer
to know
crecer
to grow
obedecer
to obey
parecer
to seem
producir
to produce
traducir
to translate
dirigir
to direct
escoger
to choose
exigir
to demand
proteger
to protect
caber
to fit
saber
to know
ver
to see
aparecer
to appear
atraer
to attract
componer
to make up
contraer
to contract
desaparecer
to disappear
deshacer
to undo
distraer
to distract
oponer
to oppose
proponer
to propose
reconocer
to recognize
rehacer
to remake, to redo
suponer
to suppose
conseguir
to obtain
corregir
to correct
elegir
to choose
seguir
to follow
torcer
to twist
Present IRR: conseguir
yo consigo
Present IRR: corregir
yo corrijo
Present IRR: elegir
elijo
Present IRR: seguir
yo sigo
Present IRR: torcer
yo tuerzo
Present IRR: aparecer
yo aparezco
Present IRR: atraer
yo atraigo
Present IRR: componer
yo pongo
Present IRR: contraer
yo contraigo
Present IRR: desaparecer
yo desaparezco
Present IRR: deshacer
yo deshago
Present IRR: distraer
yo distraigo
Present IRR: oponer
yo opongo
Present IRR: proponer
yo propongo
Present IRR: reconocer
yo reconozco
Present IRR: rehacer
rehago
Present IRR: suponer
yo supongo
Present IRR: dar
doy das da damos daís dan
Present IRR: decir
digo dices dice decimos decís dicen
Present IRR: estar
estoy estás está estamos estáis están
Present IRR: ir
voy vas va vamos vais van
Present IRR: oír
oigo oyes oye oímos oís oyen
Present IRR: ser
soy eres es somos soís son
Present IRR: tener
tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen
Present IRR: venir
vengo vienes viene venimos venís vienen
dar
to give
decir
to say
estar
to be
ir
to go
oír
to hear
ser
to be
tener
to have
venir
to come
Full Conjugation - hacer
hago haces hace hacemos hacen
Full Conjugation - tener
tengo tienes tiene tenemos tienen
Full Conjugation - salir
salgo sales sale salemos salen
caer
to fall
Full Conjugation - caer
caigo caes cae caemos caen
Full Conjugation - poner
pongo pones pone ponemos ponen
poner
to put
Full Conjugation - traer
traigo traes trae traemos traen
Full Conjugation - venir
vengo vienes viene venimos vienen
Full Conjugation - decir
digo dices dice decimos dicen
seguir
to follow, to continue
Full Conjugation - seguir
sigo sigues sigue seguimos siguen
Full Conjugation - salir
salgo sales sale salimos salen
Full Conjugation - ofrecer
ofrezco ofreces ofrece ofrecemos ofrecen
Full Conjugation - merecer
merezco mereces merece merecemos merecen
merecer
to deserve
Full Conjugation - conocer
conozco conoces conoce conocemos conocen
Full Conjugation - obedecer
obedezco obedeces obedece obedecemos obedecen
Full Conjugation - traducir
traduzco traduces traduce traducimos traducen
Full Conjugation - conducir
conduzco conduces conduce conducimos conducen
Full Conjugation - saber
sé sabes sabe sabemos saben
Full Conjugation - ver
veo ves ve vemos ven
SER acronym
DOCTOR
DOCTOR
SER
Estar acronym
PLACE
PLACE
estar
DOCTOR
Date Occupation Characteristic Time Origin Relation
PLACE
Position Location Action Condition Emotion
caluroso
hot
El clima de Miami ___ caluroso.
es
Ser - acronym 2 (self-made)
General Porter Made The Weather
General Porter Made The Weather - used for ____
Ser (acronym 2)
General Porter Made The Weather
G - Generalizations P - Possession M - Material of Composition T - Time, Date, or Season W - Where or When an event takes place
_____ is used with muerto/a.
Estar
Narrates an action in progress
Present Progressive
Eric está cantando.
Eric is singing
How do you form the present progressive?
Estar + Present Participle
present participle ending for -AR verbs
-ando
present participle ending for -ER & -IR verbs
- iendo
form the present participle - bailar
bailando
form the present participle - comer
comiendo
form the present participle - aplaudir
aplaudiendo
Stem-changing verbs that end in -__ also change their stem vowel when they form the present participle
-ir
form the irregular present participle - decir
diciendo
form the irregular present participle - dormir
durmiendo
form the irregular present participle - mentir
mintiendo
form the irregular present participle - morir
muriendo
form the irregular present participle - pedir
pidiendo
form the irregular present participle - sentir
sintiendo
form the irregular present participle - sugerir
sugiriendo
form the irregular present participle - ir
yendo
form the irregular present participle -poder
pudiendo
form the irregular present participle - reír
riendo
form the irregular present participle - sonreír
sonriendo
When the stem of an -er or -ir verb ends in a vowel, the -i- of the present participle ending changes to a ____.
-y-
form the irregular present participle - constuir
construyendo
form the irregular present participle - leer
leyendo
form the irregular present participle - oír
oyendo
form the irregular present participle - traer
trayendo
form the irregular present participle - ir
yendo
form the irregular present participle - venir
viniendo
form the irregular present participle - poder
pudiendo
form the irregular present participle - conseguir
consiguiendo
form the irregular present participle - conseguir
consiguiendo
form the irregular present participle - pedir
pidiendo
form the irregular present participle - seguir
siguiendo
form the irregular present participle - preferir
prefiriendo
form the irregular present participle - dormir
durmiendo