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CATA 263 midterm > Lec.5 - Principles of protective equipment > Flashcards

Lec.5 - Principles of protective equipment Flashcards

1
Q

Why use protective equipment?

A
  • Specialized equipment when properly used can protect a participant from accidental or routine injuries associated with sport or physical activity
  • Ensure it is used properly, good condition, used as intented
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2
Q

Disadvantage to wearing protective equipment?

A

May lead players to feel too safe and become more aggressive/reckless

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3
Q

Focal injuries

A

High speed

Low mass of impact leads to forces

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4
Q

Diffuse injuries

A

Low velocity
High mass forces
Forces being absorbed over a larger area

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5
Q

Equipment design factors that can reduce potential injury (7)

A
  1. Increase the impact area
  2. Transfer or disperse the impact area to another body part
  3. Limit the relative motion of a body part
  4. Add mass to the body part to limit deformation and displacement
  5. Reduce friction between contacting surfaces
  6. Absorb energy
  7. Resist the absorption or bacteria, fungi and viruses
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6
Q

Name the 3 types of forces

A

Deflection
Dispersion
Absorption

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7
Q

Materials - Low density material

A

Light and comfortable, only effective at low levels of impact intensity
Example : gauze padding, foam, neoprene, felt, moleskin

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8
Q

Materials - High density material

A

Less comfortable, absorbs more energy by deformation, protect from direct flows and focal injuries
Example : plastics, orthoplast, casting material

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9
Q

Materials - Soft materials

A

Air in material
Open-cell foam
Closed-cell foam

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10
Q

Open-cell foam

A

Quickly deform under stress (like a sponge, can absorb fluids)

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11
Q

Closed-cell foam

A

Returns to original shape quickly (less cushioning at low levels of impact)

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12
Q

Name 4 casting materials

A

plaster
fiberglass
thermoplastic
3D printing

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13
Q

Liability and equipment standards

A
  • Athletic staff duty to ensure proper use of protective equipment
  • Duty of manufacturer to design, manufacture and package safe equipment that will not cause injury when used for intended purposes
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14
Q

NOCSAE

A

National operating committee on standards for athletic equipment

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15
Q

CSA

A

Canadian standards association

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16
Q

HECC

A

Hockey equipment certification council

17
Q

Many head and facial injuries can be prevented with proper use/fitting of: (5)

A 
Helmets
Face guards
Eye wear
Mouth guards
Throat protection
18
Q

Must absorb, disperse and deflect high velocity low mass and low velocity high mass forces

A

Helmets

19
Q

T or F: higher temperatures affect absorption abilities of helmets

A

TRUE

20
Q

T or F: Helmets do not protect from axial loading neck injuries

A

TRUE

21
Q

Prophylactic braces

A

Help to reduce severity and decrease risk of injury occurring
- usually soft material with 1 or 2 hinges on the lateral aspect of the knee

22
Q

Functional braces

A
  • Provide support to areas already injured
23
Q

Functional knee brace (function)

A

Control for tibial movement/glide

24
Q

Offloader/unloader brace

A
  • Used for tibial plateau contusions or meniscus injuries
25
Q

Rehabilitation brace (2 types)

A
  1. Immobilization (ex: Zimmer brace for an ACL)

2. Range of motion permissive

26
Q

Immobilization

A
  • Will prevent all motions at the joint
  • Will ensure proper healing is movements can make the surgery or injury worse
  • Will usually be worn for a certain amount of time dictated by the surgeon in the rehabilitation protocol
27
Q

ROM permissive

A
  • Allow for early movement to be controlled between a fixed amplitude
  • Not meant for RTP
28
Q

Tendon straps for tendinopathies

A

Adds a buttress to create a new point of pull

29
Q

Foot orthotics

A

Quick option to treat or prevent posture, gait and foot abnormalities

30
Q

Prophylactic wrapping and taping

A
  • Provide support to prevent injury while allowing functional movement
  • Used in rehab for RTP
  • Less effective than a brace, an orthotic or rehabilitation
31
Q

Principles of taping and wrapping

A
  1. Provide immediate first aid
  2. Limit excessive joint movement
  3. Support an injured body part
  4. Provide compression
  5. Provide proprioceptive feedback
  6. Secure protective pads and dressings
  7. Allow early resumption of activity
  8. Reduce the chance of re-injury
32
Q

Why put on tape/wrap?

A

Assists in stabilizing the joints/injured tissue

Enhances joint stability through increasing proprioception

33
Q

What are you trying to do?

A
  • Limit movement into painful ROM
  • Assist in the support of a ligament
  • Provide compression
  • Disperse forces
34
Q

Traditional pre-wrap and cotton zinc oxide

A

Looses support after 20 min of activity

35
Q

Synthetic tape (Powerflex/powertape)

A

Allows sweat to pass through the material
Decreasing need to re-apply
Lasts more than 30 min of exercise
Maintains ROM restriction

36
Q

Pre-application of tape/wraps (5)

A
  • Quick decision on players ability to RTP
  • Skin check - blisters, cuts, rashes, etc.
  • PMSC
  • Allergies to tapes/adhesives?
  • Hair removal
37
Q

Application of tape/wraps (8)

A
  • Spray area with tape adherent onto the skin
  • Place patient in functional position
  • Place pad/lubricant in areas sensitive to friction
  • Add foam under-wrap if patient has allergies to tape
  • Place strips in direction that assist you in keeping out of ROM you want to avoid
  • Overlap the previous tape strip by 1/2 to 1/3
  • Avoid wrinkles
  • Avoid windows in the tape
38
Q

Post Application of tape/wraps (3)

A
  • Make sure no windows
  • Recheck PMSC
  • Check the function of the tape job
39
Q

Kinesio taping

A 
Re-educate the neuromuscular system
Promote circulation and healing
Prevent injury
Reduce pain
Lymph drainage

CATA 263 midterm (7 decks)

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