Lec.4 - Pre-participation examination Flashcards
Pre-participation medical examination (PPME)
- Performed annually (sometimes bi-annually)
- Ensure health and safety while participating in sport
- Gather information on general health, maturity and fitness level at the beginning of the season
- Identify individuals who are at risk for participation in PA
Goals of PPE (9)
- Determine general health and immunization status
- Detect medical conditions that have not healed or predisposed individual to injury or illness
- Identify behaviors posing a risk to health
- Establish baseline parameters for determining when athlete can RTP
- Assess physical maturity
- Evaluate physical fitness
- Classify readiness to participate
- Recommend appropriate activities to individuals with medical contraindications to exercise
- Meet legal and insurance requirements
Setting up PPE
- Ideally completed by primary care physician (to clear athletes)
- Group format - supervising/team physician, ATs and other medical specialists
- Multiple stations to accelerate the process
- Ideally completed 6 weeks before the start of any PA (allows time to refer or correct problems)
Medical history
Immunizations/vaccines Infectious diseases LOC Headaches MSK injuries Cardiovascular and respiratory questions Seizures Eating disorders Contact lenses, corrective glasses Special equipment Family history Allergies ETC....
Physical examination
Vital signs General medical problems Cardiovascular examination (ECG) Pulmonary examination Neurological examination Eye examination Dental examination Gastrointestinal examination Genitourinary examination Dermatological examination Examination for heat disorders
Pulmonary exam
Looking for coughing spells, abnormal breathing sounds, asymmetric lungs movement
History of allergies or asthma attacks
Excessive coughing during/after PA?
Neurological exam
PEARRLA Cranial nerve assessment Myotomes/dermatomes Deep tendon reflexes SCAT or other concussion assessment tool
Eye examination
Emmetropia (20/20 vision) Myopia - nearsightedness Hypermetropia - farsightedness Nystagmus - cyclical movement of the eyes Anisocoria - uneven pupil size
Dental examination
Completed by dentist
Risk of loosing/chipping teeth in sport
Custom made mouth guards
Health of gums (gingivitis)
Gastrointestinal exam
Digestive system, eating habits, nutrition
Palpate organs
Weight control sports (flag for eating disorders)
Gastrourinary exam
Females (menstrual history, pregnancy)
Males (injuries to testicles, number, masses)
Kidney informations
Dermatological exam
Contagious lesions (herpes simplex, impetigo, tinea capitis or corporis, etc.)
Exam for heat disorders
Activities under high temp. high humidity or combination
History of cramping, syncope, exhaustion, heat stroke, sickle cell trait
Medications
Sickle cell
Increased risk dehydration or sickle cell episode
Physical fitness profile
Anthropometry and body composition Maturation and growth Flexibility Strength, power and speed Agility, balance and reaction time Cardiovascular endurance
