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MT6322 > [LEC] Unit 5: Systemic Mycoses > Flashcards

[LEC] Unit 5: Systemic Mycoses Flashcards

1
Q

Fungal infections which can overcome the physiological and cellular defenses of the normal human host

A

Systemic mycoses

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2
Q

Infection of systemic mycoses occurs by ________ of air-borne _________

A

inhalation ; conidia

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3
Q

T or F: Fungal infection can be present in multiple organs

A

T

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4
Q

Agents of Systemic Mycoses

A

Blast His Party Coke

● Blastomyces dermatitidis
● Coccidioides spp.
○ C. immitis
○ C. posadasii
● Histoplasma capsulatum
● Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

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5
Q

The characteristic of having different forms in different temperatures

A

Dimorphism

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6
Q

A chronic infection with granulomatous and suppurative lesions that are initiated in the lungs

A

Blastomycosis

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7
Q

T or F: Blastomycosis is most prevalent In middle-aged women

A

F

men

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8
Q

T or F: The symptoms of Blastomycoses are often similar to the symptoms of flu

A

T

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9
Q

Causative agent of Blastomycosis

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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10
Q

3 types of Blastomyces

A

Pulmonary
Cutaneous
Disseminated

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11
Q

The following are other names for Blastomycosis except:

Valley Fever
Gilchrist disease
North American blastomycosis
Chicago disease

A

Valley Fever

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12
Q

Blastomycosis can be diagnosed using (3)

A

○ KOH/Calcofluor white
○ Serological Test: Enzyme Immunoassay
○ Growth in 37°C on suitable media: broad–based, budding yeast cells

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13
Q

In dimorphic fungi,

room temp : ________
37 C : ________

A

mycelia ; fungi

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14
Q

Branching hyphae bearing spherical, ovoid, or pyriform conidia (3-5 um in diameter) on slender terminal or lateral conidiophores

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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15
Q

Under microscopic exam, it appears to have broadly attached buds on thick-walled yeast cells (sputum, pus, exudates, urine)

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

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16
Q

Probably the most virulent of all human mycotic agents

A

Coccidioides spp.

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17
Q

Coccidioides spp. reside in a narrow ecologic niche known as

A

Lower Sonoran life zone

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18
Q

T or F: Lower Sonoran life zone provides a humid environment

A

T

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19
Q

Asymptomatic pulmonary disease and allergic manifestations

A

Coccidioidomycosis

20
Q

Primary disease that usually resolves without therapy and confers a strong, specific immunity to reinfection

A

Coccidioidomycosis

21
Q

T or F: > 1% of people with coccidioidomycosis develop chronic progression

A

F

< 1%

22
Q

T or F: People with coccidioidomycosis develop influenza-like fever with allergic manifestations

A

T

23
Q

Barrel shaped spores

A

Arthrospores

24
Q

Coccidioides is diagnosed when there is the presence of _______ in tissue

A

spherules

25
Q

T or F: Hyphae form chains of arthroconidia (arthrospores), which often develop in alternate cells of a hypha fragment into individual arthroconidia

A

T

26
Q

After inhalation, arthroconidia forms into spherules that contain __________

A

endospores

27
Q

Other name for Coccidioidomycosis

A

Valley Fever

28
Q

Treatment for Valley Fever

A

Amphotericin B
Itraconazole

29
Q

Causative agent of Histoplasmosis

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

30
Q

Histoplasmosis is an intracellular infection of the ____________ system caused by inhalation of fungus

A

reticuloendothelial

31
Q

Present in soil, rotting areas, in feces of chicken, bats and other birds (High N2 content)

A

Histoplasmosis

32
Q

Histoplasmosis is common in _________ activities, hence it is also called _________ _________

A

Spelunking; Spelunker’s Disease

33
Q

Other names for Histoplasmosis

A

Darling’s Disease
Spelunker’s Disease

34
Q

Who was the first person who described Histoplasmosis?

A

Samuel Darling

35
Q

Who discussed Histoplasmosis?

A

Sir Jude

36
Q

T or F: Histoplasmosis is usually limited and asymptomatic

A

T

37
Q

T or F: Histoplasmosis can exist as Chronic Pulmonary Histoplasmosis in patients with COVID

A

F

patients with COPD

38
Q

Histologically, it is seen as small oval yeast cells packed within macrophages

A

Histoplasmosis

39
Q

Under the microscope, it appears as hyaline, septate hyphae bearing
microconidia and large, spherical macroconidia

A

Histoplasmosis

40
Q

Treatment of Histoplasmosis

A

Itraconazole

41
Q

Causative agent of Paracoccidioidomycosis

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

42
Q

A chronic, progressive fungal disease endemic to Central and South America

A

Paracoccidioidomycosis

43
Q

T or F: Geographic areas with the highest incidence of Paracoccidioidomycosis are typically humid, high-rainfall areas with basic soil conditions.

A

F

acidic soil conditions

44
Q

Usually unapparent and asymptomatic; Acute or chronic, granulomatous infection

A

Paracoccidioidomycosis

45
Q

Treatment of Paracoccidioidomycosis

A

Itraconazole
Amphotericin B
SXT
Ketoconazole

MT6322 (4 decks)

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