LEC Carbs (hindi q n 2 tinuloy)

Question 1

Compounds that contain a single carbonyl group and two or more hydroxyl groups

Answer 1

Monosaccharides

Question 2

T/F: monosaccharides can still be hydrolyzed into simplex carbohydrates

Answer 2

F

Question 3

General empirical formula of monosaccharides

Answer 3

Cn(H2O)n

Question 4

Sugars linked by glycosidic bonds

Answer 4

Oligosaccharides

Question 5

Formed when many monosaccharides are bonded together

Answer 5

Polysaccharides

Question 6

Play a key role in processes that take place on the surface of cells, such as cell-cell interactions and immune recognition

Answer 6

Oligosaccharides

Question 7

Essential structural components of several classes of organisms

Answer 7

Polysaccharides

Question 8

Building blocks of all carbohydrates

Answer 8

Monosaccharides

Question 9

Monosaccharide containing an aldehyde group as part of its structure

Answer 9

Aldose

Question 10

Monosaccharide containing a ketone group as part of its structure

Answer 10

Ketose

Question 11

Simples monosaccharide that contains three carbon atoms

Answer 11

Triose

Question 12

Give some examples of triose

Answer 12

Glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone

Question 13

A triose that does not contain a chiral carbon atom

Answer 13

Dihydroxyacetone

Question 14

A triose that does not exist in nonsuperimposable mirror-image forms

Answer 14

Dihydroxyacetone

Question 15

The simples carbohydrate that contains a chiral carbon

Answer 15

Glyceraldehyde

Question 16

A triose that exists in two isomeric forms that are mirror images of each other

Answer 16

Glyceraldehyde

Question 17

Molecules that differ from each other only in their configuration

Answer 17

Stereoisomers (optical isomers)

Question 18

Three-dimensional arrangement of groups around a chiral carbon atom

Answer 18

Configuration

Question 19

Mirror-image, nonsuperimposable stereoisomers

Answer 19

Enantiomers

Question 20

T/F: possibility of stereoisomers increases as the number of carbon atoms increases

Answer 20

T

Question 21

Two-dimensional representations of the stereochemistry of three-dimensional molecules

Answer 21

Fischer projections

Question 22

Bonds written horizontally in the Fischer projection represent bonds directed in _____ (front or back) of the paper in three dimensions

Answer 22

Front

Question 23

Bonds written vertically in the Fischer projection represent bonds directed in _____ (front or back) of the paper in three dimensions

Answer 23

Back (behind)

Question 24

In the Fischer projection, most highly oxidized carbon is written at the _____ (top or bottom) and is designated ____

Answer 24

top, C-1

Question 25

Contain two chiral carbons, C-2 and C-3, and four possible stereoisomers

Answer 25

Aldotetrose

Question 26

Nonsuperimposable, non-mirror image stereoisomers

Answer 26

Diastereomers

Question 27

Diastereomers that differ from each other in the configuration at only one chiral carbon

Answer 27

Epimers

Question 28

Compound that is formed by the reaction of an aldehyde with an alcohol

Answer 28

Hemiacetal

Question 29

Compound that is formed by the reaction of a ketone with an alcohol

Answer 29

Hemiketal

Question 30

The carbonyl carbon becomes a chiral center called _____

Answer 30

Anomeric carbon

Question 31

A possible stereoisomer formed when a sugar assume the cyclic form

Answer 31

Anomer

Question 32

Cyclic sugar with five-membered ring

Answer 32

Furanose

Question 33

Cyclic form of a sugar containing a six-membered ring

Answer 33

Pyranose

Question 34

Cyclic structures are shown in perspective drawings as planar five- or six-membered rings viewed nearly edge

Answer 34

Haworth projection formula

Question 35

The b- designation in Haworth projection means that -OH on the anomeric carbon is ____ to the terminal -CH2OH

Answer 35

CIs

Question 36

The a- designation in Haworth projection means that -OH on the anomeric carbon is ____ to the terminal -CH2OH

Answer 36

Trans

Question 37

Reducing sugars that contain a free carbonyl group and can react with an oxidizing agent

Answer 37

Aldose

Question 38

Can also be reducing sugars because they isomerize the aldose

Answer 38

Ketose

Question 39

Oxidation of cyclic hemiacetal form gives a _____, which is a cyclic ester linking the carboxyl group and one of the sugar alcohols

Answer 39

Lactone