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BCHEM FINALS ! > LEC Carbs (hindi q n 2 tinuloy) > Flashcards

LEC Carbs (hindi q n 2 tinuloy) Flashcards

1
Q

Compounds that contain a single carbonyl group and two or more hydroxyl groups

A

Monosaccharides

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2
Q

T/F: monosaccharides can still be hydrolyzed into simplex carbohydrates

A

F

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3
Q

General empirical formula of monosaccharides

A

Cn(H2O)n

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4
Q

Sugars linked by glycosidic bonds

A

Oligosaccharides

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5
Q

Formed when many monosaccharides are bonded together

A

Polysaccharides

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6
Q

Play a key role in processes that take place on the surface of cells, such as cell-cell interactions and immune recognition

A

Oligosaccharides

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7
Q

Essential structural components of several classes of organisms

A

Polysaccharides

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8
Q

Building blocks of all carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

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9
Q

Monosaccharide containing an aldehyde group as part of its structure

A

Aldose

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10
Q

Monosaccharide containing a ketone group as part of its structure

A

Ketose

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11
Q

Simples monosaccharide that contains three carbon atoms

A

Triose

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12
Q

Give some examples of triose

A

Glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone

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13
Q

A triose that does not contain a chiral carbon atom

A

Dihydroxyacetone

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14
Q

A triose that does not exist in nonsuperimposable mirror-image forms

A

Dihydroxyacetone

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15
Q

The simples carbohydrate that contains a chiral carbon

A

Glyceraldehyde

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16
Q

A triose that exists in two isomeric forms that are mirror images of each other

A

Glyceraldehyde

17
Q

Molecules that differ from each other only in their configuration

A

Stereoisomers (optical isomers)

18
Q

Three-dimensional arrangement of groups around a chiral carbon atom

A

Configuration

19
Q

Mirror-image, nonsuperimposable stereoisomers

A

Enantiomers

20
Q

T/F: possibility of stereoisomers increases as the number of carbon atoms increases

A

T

21
Q

Two-dimensional representations of the stereochemistry of three-dimensional molecules

A

Fischer projections

22
Q

Bonds written horizontally in the Fischer projection represent bonds directed in _____ (front or back) of the paper in three dimensions

A

Front

23
Q

Bonds written vertically in the Fischer projection represent bonds directed in _____ (front or back) of the paper in three dimensions

A

Back (behind)

24
Q

In the Fischer projection, most highly oxidized carbon is written at the _____ (top or bottom) and is designated ____

A

top, C-1

25
Q

Contain two chiral carbons, C-2 and C-3, and four possible stereoisomers

A

Aldotetrose

26
Q

Nonsuperimposable, non-mirror image stereoisomers

A

Diastereomers

27
Q

Diastereomers that differ from each other in the configuration at only one chiral carbon

A

Epimers

28
Q

Compound that is formed by the reaction of an aldehyde with an alcohol

A

Hemiacetal

29
Q

Compound that is formed by the reaction of a ketone with an alcohol

A

Hemiketal

30
Q

The carbonyl carbon becomes a chiral center called _____

A

Anomeric carbon

31
Q

A possible stereoisomer formed when a sugar assume the cyclic form

A

Anomer

32
Q

Cyclic sugar with five-membered ring

A

Furanose

33
Q

Cyclic form of a sugar containing a six-membered ring

A

Pyranose

34
Q

Cyclic structures are shown in perspective drawings as planar five- or six-membered rings viewed nearly edge

A

Haworth projection formula

35
Q

The b- designation in Haworth projection means that -OH on the anomeric carbon is ____ to the terminal -CH2OH

A

CIs

36
Q

The a- designation in Haworth projection means that -OH on the anomeric carbon is ____ to the terminal -CH2OH

A

Trans

37
Q

Reducing sugars that contain a free carbonyl group and can react with an oxidizing agent

A

Aldose

38
Q

Can also be reducing sugars because they isomerize the aldose

A

Ketose

39
Q

Oxidation of cyclic hemiacetal form gives a _____, which is a cyclic ester linking the carboxyl group and one of the sugar alcohols

A

Lactone

BCHEM FINALS ! (7 decks)

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