lec 9 Corrections in canada Flashcards
Corrections in Canada
System established in early 1800s for rehabilitation.
Kingston Penitentiary
First prison in Canada, opened in 1835.
how many Federal Facilities?
43 facilities operated by federal government.
Provincial/Territorial Facilities
173 facilities managed by provinces and territories.
European Antecedents
Influences on modern prisons from 17th-18th centuries.
Punishment Shift
Transition from physical to psychological punishment.
Enlightenment
Period emphasizing reason and individual rights.
Cesare Beccaria
Italian philosopher advocating for criminal justice reform.
Jeremy Bentham
British philosopher known for utilitarianism and hedonistic calculus.
Bentham’s Panopticon
Design for prisons emphasizing constant surveillance.
Federal Correctional Facilities History; when was the first prison established? How many built by 1950?
1832
8 built by 1950.
Pennsylvania System
Prison model emphasizing inmate isolation and reflection.
Auburn System
Prison model promoting hard work and silence among inmates.
20th Century Corrections
Introduction of parole and inmate classification systems.
Medical Model of Corrections
Approach focusing on curing inmates through medical solutions.
Reintegration Model
Focus on preparing inmates for community reintegration.
Federal Corrections for Women; where was the first women’s prison built?
Kingston Penitentiary.
Creating Choices Report
1990 report recommending empowerment for female inmates.
Indigenous Corrections
Programs reflecting Indigenous culture and traditions.
Healing Lodges
Facilities incorporating Indigenous beliefs and holistic care.
Custodial Model
Focus on incapacitation and deterrence in corrections.
Rehabilitation Model
Emphasis on individualized treatment over security.
Security Levels
Classification based on escape risk and inmate danger.
Maximum Security
High risk of escape and potential community harm.