Lec 7: Underground Medicine

Question 1

black cohosh treats

Answer 1

depression and labor

Question 2

cascara treats

Answer 2

constipation

Question 3

roots

Answer 3

anchors that pull nutrients up from the soil

Question 4

rhizomes

Answer 4

underground modified stems that propagate with no seeds

Question 5

echinacea

Answer 5

echinacea genus has 9, but 3 are medicinal

- greek for hedgehog

Question 6

3 medicinal echinacea

Answer 6

• pallida
• angustifolia
• purpurea

Question 7

purpulea is

Answer 7

a purple cone flower

- a perennial species
- member of Asteracea family
0. 5 - 1m in height
- ray and disc florets

Question 8

ray florets

Answer 8

the outside petal part of the flower w no seeds

Question 9

disc floret

Answer 9

has pistol for pollens where seeds are formed

Question 10

purpulea is

Answer 10

dicotyledonous, but distinguished by fibrous roots

Question 11

sioux used purpulea root for

Answer 11

throat infection and snake bites

Question 12

Echinacea marketed as

Answer 12

Anti infective agent (was sold as snake oil and said to purify blood from rattle snake bites)

Question 13

Echinacea use declined with

Answer 13

introduction of antibiotics and penicillin (still used today as immune system stimulant to protect against flu, sore throat, and skin disorders)

Question 14

Echinacea considered drug as

Answer 14

It is not patent and doesn’t have a known active ingredient

Question 15

Roots are harvested when plant is

Answer 15

4 yrs old and dried + ground I to capsules

Question 16

Ginseng means

Answer 16

Manroot

Question 17

Ginsenoids are

Answer 17

Bioactive saponins in the root ground tissue

Question 18

Ginsenoids have

Answer 18

Anti tumor activity, lower cholesterol, prevent memory loss and boost immune system

Question 19

Ginseng may cause

Answer 19

Hypertension and aergic reactions

Question 20

Goldenseal name from

Answer 20

rhizome colour and cup like depressions on detachment of floral stem

Question 21

Goldenseal used for

Answer 21

Antiseptic

• anti-inflammatory
• antibiotic wash for wounds

Question 22

Goldenseal major medicinal plant

Answer 22

As it’s active alkaloids are isolated

Question 23

Blood root used for

Answer 23

Rhizome

Question 24

Blood root propagates by

Answer 24

Attracting ants with oily deposit called Elaiosome.

- needs ants for seed dispersal. Ants take it and hide in underground nestsso the seeds stay safe and grow

Question 25

Blood root used for

Answer 25

Rheumatism, asthma, bronchitis

Question 26

sanguinarine

Answer 26

Has Anti plaque and anti gingivitis properties

- cancers of the mouth can develop with too much

Question 27

Sanguinarine has effects if

Answer 27

Grown near seed oils like mustard seeds as the seeds from poppy can end up in oil and can cause epidemic dropsy

Question 28

An ancient tradition with blood root

Answer 28

To smear on hand and shake hands with person you hoped to marry as sign of proposal in ancient tribes