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Intro to Neuro > Lec 7 > Flashcards

Lec 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main agonists for GABA?

A

Benzodiazepine, Barbiturate, and Valium

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2
Q

What type of receptors does GABA have?

A

Ionotropic

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3
Q

What type of receptors does Glutamate have?

A

Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic

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4
Q

What is the pathway of Dopamine?

A

Mesolimbocortcal pathway (reward, reinforcement, and learning; schizophrenia) –> VTA and Mesostriatal–> Substantia Nigra (motor control)

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5
Q

What is the pathway of Norepinephrine?

A

Locus Coeruleus (mood, arousal, sexual behavior)

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6
Q

What is the Serotonin pathways?

A

Mesencephalic serotonergic cells (sleeps, mood, sexual behavior and anxiety) with a concentration in the raphe nuclei

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7
Q

What are the agonist and antagonists for Ach?

A

Agonists: Nicotine and Muscarine
Antagonists: Curare and Atropine

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8
Q

What are the components of Nicotine receptors for Ach?

A

Ionotropic
Excitatory
PNS
Paralysis

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9
Q

What are the components of Muscarine receptors for Ach?

A

Metabotropic
Excitatory or Inhibitory
CNS
Altered cognition

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10
Q

What is the Cholinergic Pathway?

A

Belongs to Ach

Starts in the basal forebrain

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11
Q

What are the neuropeptides?

A

Endorphins, but we talked about endogenous opiates, endorphins are an endogenous opiate

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12
Q

What are the endogenous opiates?

A 
They are peptides that are addictive, they bind to the opiate receptors and relieve pain (analgesics). They produce a feeling of well being as well. 
There are 3 endogenous opiates: 
Enkephalins 
Endorphins 
Dynorphins
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13
Q

Where are endogenous opiates produced?

A

They are produced in the pituitary and the hypothalamus during excitement, exercise, pain, eating spicy food, love and orgasm.

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14
Q

What are our opiates?

A

Opium, Morphine and Heroin

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15
Q

What is the relationship with Opium and Morphine?

A

Opium contains Morphine, it binds to opioid receptors in the brainstem, especially the locus coeruleus and the periaqueductal gray.

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16
Q

What are our stimulants?

A

Caffeine, Cocaine, Amphetamine and Nicotine

17
Q

What does Caffeine do?

A

Caffeine is an antagonist for adenosine. Stimulating catecholamine release, causing arousal.

18
Q

What is adenosine?

A

Adenosine is a neuromodulator for catecholamines, inhibits its release via presynaptic autoreceptors.

19
Q

What does Cocaine do?

A

Cocaine blocks monoamine transporters, especially dopamine blocking their re-uptake and enhancing their effects

20
Q

What is CART?

A

CART is a neuropeptide involved in pleasure sensations from these drugs and in appetite suppression

Intro to Neuro (5 decks)

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