Lec 6 Brain Flashcards
What lobes does the central sulcus separate?
frontal and parietal lobes
What is the basic role of the frontal lobe?
personality and decision making
What is the basic role of the parietal lobe?
somatosensory
What is the basic role of the occipital lobe?
seeing
What is the basic role of the temporal lobe?
hearing
What are most people: right brain dominant or left brain dominant?
left
Which side of the brain is the lanuage center located?
left side
What are the two big language areas of the brain called?
Broca’s area
Wernicke’s area
What is the job of Broca’s area in the brain?
production of language (speaking)
What is the job of Wernicke’s area in the brain?
reception of language (reading, listening)
What is the homunculus of the brain?
a motor and sensory map for the brain where one side of the brain controls the other side of the body
What are the three most important spinal pathways?
- Pyramidal or Lateral Corticospinal tract
- Posterior Columns or Dorsal Columns
- Anterolateral or Spinothalamic tract
What is the pyramidal or lateral corticoospinal tract for?
voluntary movements
What is the posterior columns or dorsal columns for?
vibration and position
What is the anterolateral or spinothalamic tract for?
pain and temperature
What is the pathway of the pyramidal/lateral corticospinal tract?
- primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus)
- posterior limb of internal capsule
- pyramidal decussation
- lateral corticospinal tract
- anterior horn
- skeletal muscle
What is the path for the posterior/dorsal column?
- sensation (touch, vibration, etc.)
- dorsal root ganglion
- spinal cord
- medulla
- gracile nucleus
- thalamus
- primary somatosensory cortex
What is the pathway for anterolateral/spinothalamic tract?
- sensation (pain, temp, etc.)
- dorsal root ganglion
- spinal cord
- anterolateral pathway
- thalamus
- primary somatosensory cortex
What is the path of CSF through the ventricles?
lateral ventricles
foramen monroe
3rd ventricle
cerebral aqueduct
4th ventricle
What is the purpose of arachnoid granules?
grab CSF, create vacuoles, transport it into the venous circulation (main job is the push CSF back into venous circulation to not overload the nervous system)
What are the branches of the internal carotid?
anterior cerebral
anterior communicating
middle cerebral
What are the branches of the vertebral artery?
basilar
posterior cerebral
posterior communicating
What can a berry aneurysm impinge on when created alonge the basilar and posterior cerebral artery?
can impinge on CN III
What is the distribution of the anterior cerebral artery?
cerebral hemispheres (NOT occipital lobe)
What is the distribution of the anterior communicating artery?
cerebral arterial circle (of Willis)
What is the distribution of the middle cerebral artery?
most of lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres
What is the distribution of the basilar artery?
brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebrum
What is the distribution of the posterior cerebral artery?
inferior aspect of cerebral hemisphere and occipital lobe
What is the distribution of the posterior communicating artery?
optic tract, cerebral peduncle, internal capsule, and thalamus
What is the distribution of the vertebral artery?
cranial meninges and cerebellum
What is the distribution of the internal carotid artery?
branches to walls of cavernous sinus, pituitary, trigeminal ganglion; provides primary support to the brain
