Lec 5 (life cycle) Flashcards
What is the psychological bond that forms between an infant and the parent/caregiver called?
Attachment
From when human body shows sexual response?
From birth
When infants discover their genitals by unintentionally touching them?
6-12 months old
When kids start knowing their gender?
2,5-3 years old
In preschool years (4-6), kids begin to develop a simple understanding of sexuality:
-Interested in viewing nude people, postures for urinating
-Learn to identify different genders based on genitals
How are friendships of 6-9 year-olds?
Gender-segregated social organization
Adrenarche:
The maturation of the adrenal glands (8-10 years) and leads to increased levels of androgens=group of sex hormones, including testosterone.
9-12 year olds:
-Start being ashamed
-First romance
-Want to know more about sex
- Changing body
6-9-year-olds:
-Liking someone
-Curious about genitals and how they have a sexual function
-Gender-segregated friendships, social comparison
4-6-year olds:
-Learning how to behave in public
-Curious (e.g., playing doctor)
-Curious where babies come from
-Gender roles (in playing too)
12-15-year-olds:
-Longing for independence
-Friends become more important
-Social media
-Sexual attraction
Sexual interest surges around puberty through adolescence, which may be caused by:
-Bodily changes and awareness of them
-Rises in levels of sex hormones (testosterone)
-Increased cultural emphasis on ex
When does masturbation in boys increase?
13-15 years
What’s the percentage of boys who had masturbated by the age of 15?
Around 82%
15-18-year olds?
-Try out relationships
-Wishes and boundaries
-Sexual experiences
-Switch from covert to over sexual orientation
What might be the cause of risky sexual behaviors in adolescence?
Areas of the brain that have to do with emotion seeking and feel good rewards develop earlier than those that have to do with impulse control
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development?
Model of psychological development according to which we experience crises at each of the 8 life stages
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: Infancy
Basic trust vs mistrust
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: 1,5-3 years
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: 3-5,5 years?
Initiative vs guilt
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: adolescence:
Identity vs role confusion
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: 5,5-12 years?
Industry vs inferiority
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: Young adulthood?
Intimacy vs isolation
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: adulthood?
Generativity vs stagnation
Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development: maturity?
Ego integrity vs despair
Polygyny?
Men with multiple wives
Polyandry?
Women with multiple husbands
Polyamory:
multiple sexual or romantic partners simultaneously with or without marriage
Polygamy?
Marriage with multiple spouses
Equity theory:
People mentally calculate the benefits and costs for them in a relationship
Sexuality and menopause?
-Starts between 40-60, duration around 2 years
-Vagina more vulnerable to infections, shrinks in width and length, vaginal lubrication decreases, vaginal walls become less elastic
Biological changes in aging women:
-Gradual decline in the functioning of the ovaries
-Decline in the output of eggs
-Decline in production of estrogen (vaginal dryness and osteoporosis) and progesterone
Physical changes in men?
-Testosterone production declines
-Erections occur more slowly
-Refractory period lengthens with age
-Volume of the ejaculate gradually decreases
