Lec 1 Flashcards
Sexual behavior:
Produces an arousal and increases the chance of orgasm
Ancient Greek view on human sexuality?
Homo- and heterosexuality. There were creatures made from 2 people, later they were split. And then they are looking for their other half (woman+woman, man+man, woman+man)
View of Christians on human sexuality in 15th century?
wet dreams are made by witches who want to seduce innocent men
When did scientific study of sex began?
19th century, but major breakthroughs happened in 20th century
Freuds view on sexuality?
It is considered both the primary force in motivation of all human behavior and the principal cause of all forms of neurosis
4 biggest Henry Havelock Ellis findings:
1) Women are also sexual creatures
2) Masturbation is common
3) Physical and psychological factors play a role in sexual problems
4) Sexual deviations from the norm are often harmless
What did Richard von Krafft-Ebing find?
- Described sexual disorders based on patients’ experiences
- Coined terms: sadism, masochism, pedophilia, homosexuality, heterosexuality
What did Magnus Hirschfeld do?
- Founder of 1st sex institute
- Administered 1st large-scale sex survey obtaining data from 10k people on a 130-item questionnaire
- Introduced term ‘transvestite’
What did A. Kingsley do?
- Founding father of the Institute of Sex Research
- Kingsley scale measures sexual orientation on a 7-point scale
What did Masters and Johnson?
- Conducted most famous observational sex research
- Studied the physiology of sexual response and sexual disorders
Cultivation?
The view that exposure makes people think that what they see represents the mainstream of what really occurs
Agenda setting or framing theory?
The idea that the media define what is important and what is not by which stories they cover
Social cognitive theory?
The idea that the media provide role models whom we imitate
Selectivity?
The idea that people select and pay attention to certain media content
Reinforcing spiral theory?
One’s social identity predicts one’s media use and, in turn, media
use affects one’s identity and beliefs
Differential susceptibility model?
Not everyone responds the same to the same media content
Ethnocentrism?
-Tendency to regard one’s own culture as superior
-Belief that its own customs are the standard by which other cultures should be judged
Cross-species similarities on sexuality?
1) Masturbation is found among many species of mammals
2) Same-gender behavior is found in many species
3) Sexual signaling is found in other species
4) Animals sometimes use sexual behavior for nonsexual purposes
Sexual behavior is more instinctively controlled among _____ species and more controlled by the brain in ___ species
1) Lower
2) Higher
