Lec 3: Central Nervous system

Question 1

A nervous system that has a chain of ganglia (clusters of nerve cell bodies) that run parallel to the spinal cord.

Answer 1

Sympathetic Nervous System

Question 2

A nervous system that has a chain of ganglia typically located close to the target organs

Answer 2

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 3

Part of the CNS that’s responsible for transmission of ascending and descending signals

Answer 3

Spinal cord

Question 4

Part of the CNS that’s responsible for reflex actions

Answer 4

Spinal cord

Question 5

Central whole in the vertebrae that protects the spinal cord from the external environment

Answer 5

Spinal canal

Question 6

Layers of the spinal cord that help with lubrication and covering

Answer 6

Spinal meninges (pia matter, arachnoid matter, dua matter)

Question 7

The part in the middle of the spinal cord that looks like a butterfly and contains the body of neurons responsible for processing and integration info

Answer 7

Grey matter (neurons with dendrites and unmyelinated axons)

Question 8

Surrounds the grey matter and has nerve tracks that are responsible for afferent and efferent commands

Answer 8

White matter (neurons with myelinated axons)

Question 9

The ability to receive and respond to stimuli from external and internal environments

Answer 9

Irritability

Question 10

The ability to transmit signals to and from central integrating centers

Answer 10

Conduction

Question 11

The ability to analyze information from the environment in order to generate behavior

Answer 11

Integration

Question 12

Part of the brain which is responsible for
higher functions like thinking,
controls voluntary movements,
responsible for processing
sensory information

Answer 12

Cerebrum

Question 13

Part of the brain that connects the
brain to the spinal cord
and performs autonomic
functions (relay center)

Answer 13

Brainstem

Question 14

Part of the brain that is responsible
for co-ordination of
movement and balance

Answer 14

Cerebellum

Question 15

The surface of the brain that contains grey matter and is responsible for a wide range of complex cognitive functions

Answer 15

Cerebral Cortex

Question 16

A part of the brain beneath the cortex and connects the brain parts with each other

Answer 16

White matter

Question 17

The lobe responsible for executive functions like thinking, planning, organizing, problem-solving, emotions, personality

Answer 17

Frontal lobe

Question 18

The lobe responsible for perception, making sense of the world, interpreting sensory signals

Answer 18

Parietal lobe

Question 19

The lobe responsible for processing visual information from the eyes

Answer 19

Occipital lobe

Question 20

The lobe responsible for auditory information, memory, understanding, languages

Answer 20

Temporal lobe

Question 21

Pathways in the brain that help messages travel from one gyrus to the other, one lobe to the other, one side of the brain to the other

Answer 21

White matter pathways

Question 22

White matter tracts that connect regions of the same hemisphere together

Answer 22

Association fibers

Question 23

White matter tracts that connect the cortex to lower brain structures and the spinal cord

Answer 23

Projection fibers

Question 24

White matter tracts that connect the two hemispheres to each other

Answer 24

Commissural Fibers

Question 25

The ability to learn and adapt through new experiences

Answer 25

Neural plasticity

Question 26

12 pairs of nerves that can be seen on the ventral (bottom) surface of the brain and through which the brain communicates with the body

Answer 26

Cranial nerves

Question 27

Location of cranial nerves for smell and vision

Answer 27

originate from cerebrum