lec 3 Flashcards
what is the difference bw solvent and solute? define solubilize
solvent is the dissolver, solute is what gets dissolved
solubilize: make something more soluble in a solution
what do cells do to counteract hyposmolarity?
cells incr osmolarity of prot and other molecules that don’t passively move across the diffusion gradient - disequilibrium is maintained
https://gyazo.com/ee68741ae350a43a177d12b76c6d894f
answer da questions
homeostasis is occuring where the blood osmotic pressure is relatively unchanging
however, towards the ends, we see the slope start to get a little steeper, and that’s where the crab is being affected by the environ (not in homeostasis)
what is important about phospholipids? what are the parts of a phospholipid? is it charged or no?
naturally forms the phospholipid bilayer
phospholipids consist of choline + phosphate head, and nonpolar tails. choline is [+] while phosphate is [-].
what are the 5 types of membrane prots? what do they do?
channel prot: permits relatively simple diffusion of solutes
transporter/carrier: binds noncovalently to bring things in (active or passive)
enzyme: move things via noncovalent bonds
receptor: bind noncovalently, take signal inside cell
structural prot:
what happens when phospholipids get bendy n shit
incr randomness means less packing, which weakens the bilayer. however this can be used to adapt to cold environs (cold environ can be thought of as decr randomness –> incr randomness offsets it)
being fucked w = unsaturated = double/triple bonds
in a simple epithelium, which side is basal and which side is apical?
apical faces outwards, basal faces inwards. apical side will have microvilli etc, while basal side will have blood capillaries etc.
what are the types of junctions (4)
tight junction: prevents lots of movement but leak a bit
septate junction: [???]
spot weld: robust, anchored to cytoskeleton -> prevents most movement
gap junction: allow specific movements bw cells to pass signals
