Lec. 20 & 21: Domain: Eukarya Flashcards
What are 4 eukaryotes studied in microbiology?
Fungi
Algae
Protozoa
Helminths
Why are the Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths included in the field of microbiology?
Their eggs and larvae are often microscopic.
The study of fungi is called _________.
mycology
The cell of fungi is made up of _____.
chitin
An example of multicellular fungi are ______.
molds
Genus: Rhizopus
An example of unicellular fungi are _______.
yeasts
Genus: Saccharomyces
Fungi are chemoheterotrophs. This means that
- they are able to fix carbon
- derive energy for their life functions from inorganic chemicals;
- feed on chemicals that are good electron donor (such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, or iron)
Fungi are chemoheterotrophs (saprophytic). This means that they get their energy from ____ and ____ organic matter.
dead; decaying
The fungi kingdom have their taxonomic classification by the form of ________ reproduction.
sexual
What is a thallus?
a plant body without true stems or roots or leaves or vascular system
What are the hyphae in fungi?
filaments in fungi
What are the septae hyphae?
cross-walls in the thallus
What are the coenocyte hyphae?
nonseptate, also called aseptate, meaning they are one long cell that is not divided into compartments
What is a genus of the coenocyte hyphae?
Rhizopus
What is mycelium?
all of the fungal filaments together
What were the two types of yeast that we studied in class?
Fission & Budding
_____ is a former division of the kingdom Fungi. They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in ___ or ____ plant or animal material.
Zygomycota; soil; decaying
Which fungal division includes the “conjugated” fungi?
Zygomycota.
What is an example genus of the Zygomycota?
Rhizopus, which is a bread mold
zygospore (Zygomycota)
A zygote surrounded by a hard, protective covering
sporangium (Zygomycota)
A hollow unicellular or multicellular structure in which spores are produced
The “sac” fungi are included in which Fungal Division?
Ascomycota
What is a genus in the Ascomycota?
Penicillium
The fungal division - Ascomycota - includes the ______ and _______.
ascus; conidia
The sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi; it usually contains eight ascospores, produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division.
ascus
A type of asexual reproductive spore of fungi (kingdom Fungi) usually produced at the tip or side of hyphae (filaments that make up the body of a typical fungus) or on special spore-producing structures called conidiophores. The spores detach when mature.
conidia
Which fungal division is called the “club” fungi?
Basidiomycota
The study of algae is called _____.
phycology
What are the 4 algal characteristics?
◦ most are photoautotrophs
◦ oxygenic photosynthesis
◦ multicellular and unicellular types
◦ various cell wall types
How do algae reproduce?
It can be sexual or asexual
Many small algae reproduce asexually by ordinary cell division or by __________. Larger algae reproduce by _____.
fragmentation; spores
Algae regenerate by sexual reproduction, involving…
male and female gametes (sex cells).
What are the 5 algal divisions?
Chlorophyta; Chrysophyta; Phaeophyta; Rhodophyta; Pyrrophyta
Chlorophyta (Algae)
Green Algae ◦ Genus examples: Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Spirogyra cellulose cell wall main storage molecule is starch chlorophyl A and B
Chrysophyta (Algae)
Golden-brown Algae and Diatoms
silica cell wall, 2 sided, unicellular
Genus: Chromulina
Phaeophyta (Algae)
Brown Algae, Sea Kelp
Genus: Laminaria
Rhodophyta (Algae)
Red Algae - Agar
Pyrrophyta (Algae)
Dinoflagellates
unicellular, cellulose cell wall, luminescent, red tides
A lichen is a combination of a _______ (or cyanobacterium) and a _______.
green alga; fungus
Where are lichens found?
low nutrient environments (ex. tree trunks, rocks….)
the study of protozoa
protozoology
protozoa characteristics
all are unicellular, eukaryotic
chemoheterotrophs
generally no cell wall, but have a protein
pellicle
have both asexual and sexual reproduction
some produce cysts for adverse conditions
protozoal classification
Taxonomically classified by their mode of
motility
Example of green alga?
Halimeda
Example of a crustose lichen?
Caloplaca
Example of a foliose lichen?
Flavoparmelia
Example of a fruticose lichen?
Letharia
Name a genus in the Basidiomycota fungi group.
Amanita,
fungal division - Basidiomycota
club fungi
Coprinus , Amanita
Basidium and Mushroom
Genus of Deuteromycota.
?
Name another genus of green algae.
Chlamydomonas
Name a genus of diatoms
Surirella
Name a genus of the brown algae.
Laminaria
Name a genus of red algae.
Gelidium (used for agar)
Name a genus of dinoflagellates.
Alexandrium
Name a genus of a fungus that has been found in lichen.
Cladonia
