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BIOL 2041 -- Microbiology Lecture (Updated) > Lec. 20 & 21: Domain: Eukarya > Flashcards

Lec. 20 & 21: Domain: Eukarya Flashcards

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1
Q

What are 4 eukaryotes studied in microbiology?

A

Fungi
Algae
Protozoa
Helminths

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2
Q

Why are the Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths included in the field of microbiology?

A

Their eggs and larvae are often microscopic.

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3
Q

The study of fungi is called _________.

A

mycology

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4
Q

The cell of fungi is made up of _____.

A

chitin

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5
Q

An example of multicellular fungi are ______.

A

molds

Genus: Rhizopus

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6
Q

An example of unicellular fungi are _______.

A

yeasts

Genus: Saccharomyces

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7
Q

Fungi are chemoheterotrophs. This means that

A
  • they are able to fix carbon
  • derive energy for their life functions from inorganic chemicals;
  • feed on chemicals that are good electron donor (such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, or iron)
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8
Q

Fungi are chemoheterotrophs (saprophytic). This means that they get their energy from ____ and ____ organic matter.

A

dead; decaying

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9
Q

The fungi kingdom have their taxonomic classification by the form of ________ reproduction.

A

sexual

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10
Q

What is a thallus?

A

a plant body without true stems or roots or leaves or vascular system

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11
Q

What are the hyphae in fungi?

A

filaments in fungi

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12
Q

What are the septae hyphae?

A

cross-walls in the thallus

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13
Q

What are the coenocyte hyphae?

A

nonseptate, also called aseptate, meaning they are one long cell that is not divided into compartments

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14
Q

What is a genus of the coenocyte hyphae?

A

Rhizopus

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15
Q

What is mycelium?

A

all of the fungal filaments together

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16
Q

What were the two types of yeast that we studied in class?

A

Fission & Budding

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17
Q

_____ is a former division of the kingdom Fungi. They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in ___ or ____ plant or animal material.

A

Zygomycota; soil; decaying

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18
Q

Which fungal division includes the “conjugated” fungi?

A

Zygomycota.

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19
Q

What is an example genus of the Zygomycota?

A

Rhizopus, which is a bread mold

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20
Q

zygospore (Zygomycota)

A

A zygote surrounded by a hard, protective covering

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21
Q

sporangium (Zygomycota)

A

A hollow unicellular or multicellular structure in which spores are produced

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22
Q

The “sac” fungi are included in which Fungal Division?

A

Ascomycota

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23
Q

What is a genus in the Ascomycota?

A

Penicillium

24
Q

The fungal division - Ascomycota - includes the ______ and _______.

A

ascus; conidia

25
Q

The sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi; it usually contains eight ascospores, produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division.

A

ascus

26
Q

A type of asexual reproductive spore of fungi (kingdom Fungi) usually produced at the tip or side of hyphae (filaments that make up the body of a typical fungus) or on special spore-producing structures called conidiophores. The spores detach when mature.

A

conidia

27
Q

Which fungal division is called the “club” fungi?

A

Basidiomycota

28
Q

The study of algae is called _____.

A

phycology

29
Q

What are the 4 algal characteristics?

A

◦ most are photoautotrophs
◦ oxygenic photosynthesis
◦ multicellular and unicellular types
◦ various cell wall types

30
Q

How do algae reproduce?

A

It can be sexual or asexual

31
Q

Many small algae reproduce asexually by ordinary cell division or by __________. Larger algae reproduce by _____.

A

fragmentation; spores

32
Q

Algae regenerate by sexual reproduction, involving…

A

male and female gametes (sex cells).

33
Q

What are the 5 algal divisions?

A

Chlorophyta; Chrysophyta; Phaeophyta; Rhodophyta; Pyrrophyta

34
Q

Chlorophyta (Algae)

A 
Green Algae
◦ Genus examples: Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Spirogyra
cellulose cell wall
main storage molecule is starch
chlorophyl A and B
35
Q

Chrysophyta (Algae)

A

Golden-brown Algae and Diatoms
silica cell wall, 2 sided, unicellular

Genus: Chromulina

36
Q

Phaeophyta (Algae)

A

Brown Algae, Sea Kelp

Genus: Laminaria

37
Q

Rhodophyta (Algae)

A

Red Algae - Agar

38
Q

Pyrrophyta (Algae)

A

Dinoflagellates

unicellular, cellulose cell wall, luminescent, red tides

39
Q

A lichen is a combination of a _______ (or cyanobacterium) and a _______.

A

green alga; fungus

40
Q

Where are lichens found?

A

low nutrient environments (ex. tree trunks, rocks….)

41
Q

the study of protozoa

A

protozoology

42
Q

protozoa characteristics

A

all are unicellular, eukaryotic
chemoheterotrophs
generally no cell wall, but have a protein
pellicle
have both asexual and sexual reproduction
some produce cysts for adverse conditions

43
Q

protozoal classification

A

Taxonomically classified by their mode of

motility

44
Q

Example of green alga?

A

Halimeda

45
Q

Example of a crustose lichen?

A

Caloplaca

46
Q

Example of a foliose lichen?

A

Flavoparmelia

47
Q

Example of a fruticose lichen?

A

Letharia

48
Q

Name a genus in the Basidiomycota fungi group.

A

Amanita,

49
Q

fungal division - Basidiomycota

A

club fungi
Coprinus , Amanita
Basidium and Mushroom

50
Q

Genus of Deuteromycota.

A

?

51
Q

Name another genus of green algae.

A

Chlamydomonas

52
Q

Name a genus of diatoms

A

Surirella

53
Q

Name a genus of the brown algae.

A

Laminaria

54
Q

Name a genus of red algae.

A

Gelidium (used for agar)

55
Q

Name a genus of dinoflagellates.

A

Alexandrium

56
Q

Name a genus of a fungus that has been found in lichen.

A

Cladonia

BIOL 2041 -- Microbiology Lecture (Updated) (13 decks)

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