Lec. 20 & 21: Domain: Eukarya

Question 1

What are 4 eukaryotes studied in microbiology?

Answer 1

Fungi
Algae
Protozoa
Helminths

Question 2

Why are the Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths included in the field of microbiology?

Answer 2

Their eggs and larvae are often microscopic.

Question 3

The study of fungi is called _________.

Answer 3

mycology

Question 4

The cell of fungi is made up of _____.

Answer 4

chitin

Question 5

An example of multicellular fungi are ______.

Answer 5

molds

Genus: Rhizopus

Question 6

An example of unicellular fungi are _______.

Answer 6

yeasts

Genus: Saccharomyces

Question 7

Fungi are chemoheterotrophs. This means that

Answer 7

• they are able to fix carbon
• derive energy for their life functions from inorganic chemicals;
• feed on chemicals that are good electron donor (such as hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, or iron)

Question 8

Fungi are chemoheterotrophs (saprophytic). This means that they get their energy from ____ and ____ organic matter.

Answer 8

dead; decaying

Question 9

The fungi kingdom have their taxonomic classification by the form of ________ reproduction.

Answer 9

sexual

Question 10

What is a thallus?

Answer 10

a plant body without true stems or roots or leaves or vascular system

Question 11

What are the hyphae in fungi?

Answer 11

filaments in fungi

Question 12

What are the septae hyphae?

Answer 12

cross-walls in the thallus

Question 13

What are the coenocyte hyphae?

Answer 13

nonseptate, also called aseptate, meaning they are one long cell that is not divided into compartments

Question 14

What is a genus of the coenocyte hyphae?

Answer 14

Rhizopus

Question 15

What is mycelium?

Answer 15

all of the fungal filaments together

Question 16

What were the two types of yeast that we studied in class?

Answer 16

Fission & Budding

Question 17

_____ is a former division of the kingdom Fungi. They are mostly terrestrial in habitat, living in ___ or ____ plant or animal material.

Answer 17

Zygomycota; soil; decaying

Question 18

Which fungal division includes the “conjugated” fungi?

Answer 18

Zygomycota.

Question 19

What is an example genus of the Zygomycota?

Answer 19

Rhizopus, which is a bread mold

Question 20

zygospore (Zygomycota)

Answer 20

A zygote surrounded by a hard, protective covering

Question 21

sporangium (Zygomycota)

Answer 21

A hollow unicellular or multicellular structure in which spores are produced

Question 22

The “sac” fungi are included in which Fungal Division?

Answer 22

Ascomycota

Question 23

What is a genus in the Ascomycota?

Answer 23

Penicillium

Question 24

The fungal division - Ascomycota - includes the ______ and _______.

Answer 24

ascus; conidia

Question 25

The *sexual* spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi; it usually contains eight ascospores, produced by meiosis followed, in most species, by a mitotic cell division.

Answer 25

ascus

Question 26

A type of *asexual* reproductive spore of fungi (kingdom Fungi) usually produced at the tip or side of hyphae (filaments that make up the body of a typical fungus) or on special spore-producing structures called conidiophores. The spores detach when mature.

Answer 26

conidia

Question 27

Which fungal division is called the "club" fungi?

Answer 27

Basidiomycota

Question 28

The study of algae is called _____.

Answer 28

phycology

Question 29

What are the 4 algal characteristics?

Answer 29

◦ most are photoautotrophs ◦ oxygenic photosynthesis ◦ multicellular and unicellular types ◦ various cell wall types

Question 30

How do algae reproduce?

Answer 30

It can be sexual or asexual

Question 31

Many small algae reproduce asexually by ordinary cell division or by __________. Larger algae reproduce by _____.

Answer 31

fragmentation; spores

Question 32

Algae regenerate by sexual reproduction, involving...

Answer 32

male and female gametes (sex cells).

Question 33

What are the 5 algal divisions?

Answer 33

Chlorophyta; Chrysophyta; Phaeophyta; Rhodophyta; Pyrrophyta

Question 34

Chlorophyta (Algae)

Answer 34

``` Green Algae ◦ Genus examples: Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Spirogyra cellulose cell wall main storage molecule is starch chlorophyl A and B ```

Question 35

Chrysophyta (Algae)

Answer 35

Golden-brown Algae and Diatoms silica cell wall, 2 sided, unicellular Genus: Chromulina

Question 36

Phaeophyta (Algae)

Answer 36

Brown Algae, Sea Kelp Genus: Laminaria

Question 37

Rhodophyta (Algae)

Answer 37

Red Algae - Agar

Question 38

Pyrrophyta (Algae)

Answer 38

Dinoflagellates | unicellular, cellulose cell wall, luminescent, red tides

Question 39

A lichen is a combination of a _______ (or cyanobacterium) and a _______.

Answer 39

green alga; fungus

Question 40

Where are lichens found?

Answer 40

low nutrient environments (ex. tree trunks, rocks....)

Question 41

the study of protozoa

Answer 41

protozoology

Question 42

protozoa characteristics

Answer 42

all are unicellular, eukaryotic chemoheterotrophs generally no cell wall, but have a protein pellicle have both asexual and sexual reproduction some produce cysts for adverse conditions

Question 43

protozoal classification

Answer 43

Taxonomically classified by their mode of | motility

Question 44

Example of green alga?

Answer 44

Halimeda

Question 45

Example of a crustose lichen?

Answer 45

Caloplaca

Question 46

Example of a foliose lichen?

Answer 46

Flavoparmelia

Question 47

Example of a fruticose lichen?

Answer 47

Letharia

Question 48

Name a genus in the Basidiomycota fungi group.

Answer 48

Amanita,

Question 49

fungal division - Basidiomycota

Answer 49

club fungi Coprinus , Amanita Basidium and Mushroom

Question 50

Genus of Deuteromycota.

Answer 50

?

Question 51

Name another genus of green algae.

Answer 51

Chlamydomonas

Question 52

Name a genus of diatoms

Answer 52

Surirella

Question 53

Name a genus of the brown algae.

Answer 53

Laminaria

Question 54

Name a genus of red algae.

Answer 54

Gelidium (used for agar)

Question 55

Name a genus of dinoflagellates.

Answer 55

Alexandrium

Question 56

Name a genus of a fungus that has been found in lichen.

Answer 56

Cladonia