BIOL 2041.001 - Exam #1C Flashcards
A micrometer is ___m.
10^-6
The type of microscope where the source of light is not visible to the human eye, but the light reaching the eye is visible is ________.
Fluorescence
Which type of microscope would the best choice for viewing a virus?
Transmission Electron
The ability of the microscope lenses to distinguish fine detail and structure is called
resolution
All cells from the preexisting cells is
biogenesis
In nature, most microorganisms are found growing in mixed culture. True or False? If False, make statement true.
True
Which type of bacteria have a rigid, spiral shape?
Spirillum
Which of the following scientific names is formatted correctly?
Escherichia Coli
Escherichia coli
escherichia coli
escherichia coli
Escherichia coli
[include attachment] The bacterial cell wall type is
Gram (+)
Ribosomes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have the same components and structure. True or false? If false, make statement true.
False.
The protein structure used for the exchange of genetic information between two bacteria is called a _____.
pilus
At temperatures below an enzyme optimum, enzyme function will be ____.
decreased
A ______ inhibitor interacts with an enzyme at a location other than the active site.
noncompetitive
Anaerobic respiration uses an electron transport chain, while fermentation does not. True or false?
True
What is the name of the polysaccharide found in the bacterial cell wall?
peptidoglycan
Penicillin targets
the peptide cross-links found in the peptidoglycan
Some cells lack the Embden-Meyerhoff (glycolysis) pathway and instead catabolize glucose to pyruvate using an alternative pathway, the _____ pathway, to produce pyruvate, one ATP, and two NADPH.
Enter-Doudoroff
In oxygenic photosynthesis, electrons are
Taken from water and then used to make NADPH.
Which of the following protects the genome of a bacteriophage?
capsid
Place the following events in the correct order: 1- cyanobacterium enters into symbiotic relationship with plant ancestor; 2- bacteria evolve anoxygenic photosynthesis; 3- cyanobacteria evolve oxygenic photosynthesis.
2-3-1
In lactic acid fermentation, the molecule that receives electrons from NADH is:
pyruvate
An organism that fixes carbon dioxide and uses energy from chemical sources is an
chemoautotroph
Which pathway is found in the cytoplasm of cells in all domains and is central to metabolism?
Glycolysis
What statement has the strongest evidence for Endosymbiotic Theory?
Chloroplast rRNA sequences match to cyanobacteria on the Tree of Life.
Scientific theories are concepts primarily based on educated guesses. True or false?
False.
The scientific term for a rod-shaped bacterial cell is a _____.
Bacillus/Bacilli
A complex aggregation of microbes attached to and growing on a surface is called a ___.
biofilm
Name the 3 domains of life.
Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
What molecule was first used to place organisms with related ones on the tree of life?
rRNA
Name one specific ecosystem where microbes can live and name a genus of microorganisms that is found in that ecosystem.
Microbes can live in a human throat for a certain amount of time. Streptococcus
Name one type of inclusion that is found in the bacterial cells.
vesicles
A(n) ____ is a dormant form of a bacterial cell that develops inside the cell.
endospore
Name one genus that produces the endospore.
Chlorodistridium
For a flagellated bacterial cell, explain what happens to the cell depending on the direction of rotation of the flagellar motor and briefly describe or draw (with explanatory notes) the process by which the cell would move toward a food source.
- When it’s moving in the counter-clockwise direction, it will be moving towards the food.
- When it’s moving in the clockwise direction, it will change direction and begin to tumble
- Even if it’s in the counter-clockwise direction position, it has to change to clockwise because it can’t keep going the same direction.
