lec 2: nucleic acid structure

Question 1

this is an unbranched polymer with monomer units called nucleotides

Answer 1

nucleic acid

Question 2

are the building blocks of nucleic acids

Answer 2

nucleotides

Question 3

The first scientist to isolate nucleic acid in 1869

Answer 3

Johannes Friedrich Miescher

Question 4

the three-subunit molecule is composed of:

Answer 4

1. pentose sugar
2. phosphate group
3. nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base

Question 5

2 types of nucleic acid

Answer 5

1. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
2. ribonucleic acid (RNA)

Question 5

the template/basis for transmission of genetic information

Answer 5

DNA

Question 5

Protein synthesis and regulation of gene expression

Answer 5

RNA

Question 5

this sugar is present in DNA

Answer 5

pentose ribose

Question 5

Sugar + Base

Answer 5

nucleoside

Question 5

the third component of a nucleotide

Answer 5

phosphate

Question 5

where is phosphate attached?

Answer 5

to the 5’ carbon

Question 6

sugar + base + phosphate = ?

Answer 6

nucleotide

Question 6

a monosaccharide having five carbons

Answer 6

pentose ribose

Question 6

the sugar unit is either:

Answer 6

• pentose ribose
• 2’ - deoxyribose

Question 6

this sugar is present in RNA

Answer 6

2’-deoxyribose

Question 7

bases under purines

Answer 7

adenine, guanine

Question 8

bases under pyrimidines

Answer 8

cytosine, thymine, uracil

Question 9

bases present in both DNA and RNA

Answer 9

A G C

Question 10

the base present in RNA as a substitute for thymine

Answer 10

uracil

Question 11

this base is only present in DNA

Answer 11

thymine

Question 12

2 categories of bases

Answer 12

purine, pyrimidine

Question 13

is purine bigger than pyrimidines?

Answer 13

yes na yes 4 u bec 2 ang closed rings niya

Question 14

The nucleotides are linked to each other through

Answer 14

sugar-phosphate bonds

Question 15

does the sugar-phosphate backbone vary?

Answer 15

no

Question 16

if the sugar-phosphate backbone does not vary, where does the structure of the nucleic acid depend?

Answer 16

on the sequence of bases

Question 17

primary structure of DNA segment

Answer 17

5’ TGCA 3’

Question 18

proposed an explanation for the base composition patterns associated with DNA molecules

Answer 18

James Watson & Francis Crick

Question 19

The bases (side chains) of each backbone ____ _____ toward the bases of the other strand

Answer 19

extend inward

Question 20

The two strands in DNA are connected by ____ _____ between their bases

Answer 20

hydrogen bonds

Question 21

are the DNA strands parallel?

Answer 21

no, it’s antititititi-parallel

Question 22

what can only fit within the DNA helix interior?

Answer 22

1 purine, 1 pyrimidine

Question 23

pairs of bases in a nucleic acid structure that can hydrogen-bond to each other

Answer 23

complementary bases

Question 24

pair of A

Answer 24

T (thymine)

Question 25

pair of C

Answer 25

G (Guanine)

Question 26

can the strands be identical in DNA?

Answer 26

NONONONO

Question 27

predict 3’ A-G-T-C-G-T-A-C-A-T-G 5’

Answer 27

5’ T-C-A-G-C-A-T-G-T-A-C 3’

Question 28

The two strands of the double helix run in ____ directions

Answer 28

opposite

Question 29

Derivative of pyrimidine and seen in DNA

Answer 29

thymine

Question 30

What is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

Answer 30

second carbon atom

Question 31

Derivative of purine and seen in RNA

Answer 31

none

Question 32

what is the RNA nucleoside with uracil as sugar?

Answer 32

uridine

Question 33

Identify the DNA nucleoside with adenine as sugar

Answer 33

deoxyadenosine

Question 34

DNA Nucleotide with cytosine as sugar

Answer 34

deoxycytidine 5’-monophosphate