lec 2: nucleic acid structure Flashcards
this is an unbranched polymer with monomer units called nucleotides
nucleic acid
are the building blocks of nucleic acids
nucleotides
The first scientist to isolate nucleic acid in 1869
Johannes Friedrich Miescher
the three-subunit molecule is composed of:
- pentose sugar
- phosphate group
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base
2 types of nucleic acid
- deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
- ribonucleic acid (RNA)
the template/basis for transmission of genetic information
DNA
Protein synthesis and regulation of gene expression
RNA
this sugar is present in DNA
pentose ribose
Sugar + Base
nucleoside
the third component of a nucleotide
phosphate
where is phosphate attached?
to the 5’ carbon
sugar + base + phosphate = ?
nucleotide
a monosaccharide having five carbons
pentose ribose
the sugar unit is either:
- pentose ribose
- 2’ - deoxyribose
this sugar is present in RNA
2’-deoxyribose
bases under purines
adenine, guanine
bases under pyrimidines
cytosine, thymine, uracil
bases present in both DNA and RNA
A G C
the base present in RNA as a substitute for thymine
uracil
this base is only present in DNA
thymine
2 categories of bases
purine, pyrimidine
is purine bigger than pyrimidines?
yes na yes 4 u bec 2 ang closed rings niya
The nucleotides are linked to each other through
sugar-phosphate bonds
does the sugar-phosphate backbone vary?
no