[Lec 12] Key Terms: DNA Replication

Question 1

DNA Polymerase

Answer 1

has 3’ to 5’ proofreading ability; replication slows when incorrect base is incorporated; DNA Pol can remove last nucleotide

Question 2

DNA Primase

Answer 2

a type of RNA polymerase synthesizing short RNA primers for DNA replication

Question 3

ORI Prokaryotes

Answer 3

only 1

Question 4

ORI Eukaryotes

Answer 4

multiple

Question 5

DNA sliding clamp

Answer 5

makes DNA polymerase more processive; prevents dissociation of DNA Pol from the template cDNA Pol III dissociates when it runs into a primer or dsDNA

Question 6

Okazaki Fragments

Answer 6

small fragments of DNA that are synthesized (PK is 1000-2000 bps, EK are 100-400 bp)

Question 7

clamp

Answer 7

ensures processivity

Question 8

helicase

Answer 8

unwinds double strand DNA; uses ATP

Question 9

topoisomerase

Answer 9

removes supercoil in front of fork

Question 10

primase

Answer 10

synthesizes primers

Question 11

ligase

Answer 11

seals nicks or makes nicks strands of DNA; uses ATP

Question 12

single stranded binding protein

Answer 12

protect and organize single stranded DNA

Question 13

DNA Pol I

Answer 13

Ozazaki fragment processing and DNA repair

Question 14

DNA Pol III

Answer 14

chromosome replication

Question 15

telomeres

Answer 15

form caps at end of chromosome; contain unique DNA sequence repeated several times; protect ends of chromosomes

Question 16

Liz Blackburn

Answer 16

found how telomere repeats are created