lec 10 Flashcards
what are the 4 joints in order from most medial to lateral
sternoclavicular
scapulocostal/ scapulothoracic
acromioclavicular
shoudler/ glenohumeral joint
which joint is not. true joint (no true articulation, no capule/cavity, no ligaments, no synovial fluid)
scapulothoracic joint
scapulothoracic joint
-not. true joint
-scapula and thoracic cage
-movment via scapula
-creates movement at acromioclavicular and sternoclaviucvlar joints
-movable base for humerus
-increase ROM at shoulder joint
-helps deltoid above 90 degrees
-glenohumeral stability for overhead
-absorb shock of outstretched arm
movements of scapulothoracic
all movements
protract
retract
elevate
depress
rotate
–>upward: glenoid cavity tips up, inferior angle rotates out
–>downward: glenoid cavity tips down, inferior angle inward
sternocalvicular joint
what ligaments
facet on medial end of clavicle (sternal facet) and facet on manubrium of sternum
- sternoclavicular ligament with capsule
- interclavicular ligament
- costoclavicular ligmante
elevate, depress clavicle (greater ROM at elevate bc breath)
protract, retract
rotate clavicle
*** scapular protraction causes clavicle to retract and vice versa
acromioclaviulcar joint
what ligament s
facet on lateral end of clavicle (acromial facet) and facet on medial end of acromion
planar synovial -slide and glide
1.acromioclavicular ligament
2. trapezoid ligament
3. conoid ligament
2+3= coracoclavicular ligament –> both from scap to clavicle; anchors lateral clavicle
–> so no superior dislocation
glenohumeral/ shoulder joint
glenoid fossa of scap and head of humerus
-covered by hyaline cartilage
ball and socket - 3 DOF (flex, ex, abd/add, rotate, circumduct
-humerus is way bigger than glenoid cavity
–> glenoid labrum to make glenoid cavity deeper (soup bowl)
-capsule attached it to humerus
capsular ligaments: superior, middle, inferior
transverse humeral ligament (on upper part of bicipital groove of humerus –> functions as retinaculum for biceps long head
coracohumeral ligament ; intrinsic, onto of capsule ligament
coracoacromial ligament; bridges gap between coracoid and cronmion of scap; coracoacromial arch. overlies humerus; prevent superior displacement
sub scapular bursa
–>subacromial bursa; btwn acronomiom and tendon of supraspinatous to allow movement
–> sub deltoid bursa
-decrease friction and tension
different types of joints
scapulothoracic- no true
sternoclavicular- saddle
acromioclavicular- planar
glenohumeral/ shoulder joint- ball and socket
which ligament holds bicep tendon in place and what joint is it a part of
glenohumeral/shoudler joiint
transverse humeral ligament
elbow complex
what type of joint is it
what ligament
humero-ulnar joint (trochlea of humerus articulates with trochlear notch of ulna)
humero-radial joint (capitulum of humerus articulate with head of radius)
proximal radio-ulnar joint
hinge; flexion and extension
axis is distal to epicondyles
medial (ulnar) collateral ligament
lateral (radial) collateral ligament
anterior ligament
oblique anterior ligament
carrying angle
2 deformities in angle
trochlea of humerus extends more distill than capitulum
–> trochlea articulate with ulna
–> capitulum articulates with radius
-in full extension the forearm deviated laterally 5-19 degrees (more in women bc hips)
cubitus varus; less carrying angles, forearm deviates towards midline
cubitus valgus; more carrying angle, elbow turned in, forearm out more
elbow flexion and extension
145 active flex, 160 passive flex, 0 degree extend; anatomical position
proximal (superior) radio-ulnar joint
synovial pivot (rotate about the axis –> pronate and supinate)
-head of radius, fibre-ossesou ring
-radial notch of ulna
-annular ligament
(big ulna in radius little circle)
inferior (distal) radio-ulnar joint
pivot (rotate)
-ulnar notch, articular disc
-thickening of capsule as palmar (anterior) and posterior (dorsal) radioulnar ligaments
big ulna inserted into articular disc
middle radioulnar jooint
what type of joint
interosseous memrbane
amphiathrosis
syndesmsosi
articular complex of the wrist
radio-carpal joint; carpal bone (except pisiform) for flex extend add abd
–>condyloid joint
mid carpal joint; synovial planar, between distal and proximal rows of carpal bones (except pisiform)
intercapral joint ; planar synovial
(radial and lateral) collateral ligament, radiocarapal ligaments, ulna-carpal ligaments
joints of hand; what types of synovial joints
radoiocarpal joint
mid carpal joint
intercarapl jooint
condyloids
planar
planar
radoiocarpal joint movment; which ligaments
abduct and adduct: collateral ligaments
i.e. adduct; lateral (radial) ligments are tight and medial (ulnar) are loose; opposite
flex and extend; anterior and posterior ligaments
i.e. flex; posterior ligaments taguht anterior loose
synergist of wrist adduction
flexor capri ulnaris
extensor carpi ulnaris
synergist of wrist abduction
flexor carpi radialis
extensor carpi radialis lognus
extensor carpi radialis brevis
abductor pollicis longus
carpometalcarpal CMC joint 1 (for thumb)
synovial saddle; 3 dof (DUCT, fl/ex, oppose)
trapezium w 1st metacarpal
carpometal carpal joints for 2 to 5
distal row of carpal with bases of 2-5 metacarpals
2 and 3 have less ROM bc on axis
metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint
condyloid joints, 2 DOF
medial and lateral collateral ligaments
palmar plates (ligaments)
interphalangeal (IP) joints
digits 2-5 have DIP and PIP proximal and distal
thumb only have 1 IP joint
