Leason 12 - cognitive interview Flashcards
who developed the cognitive interview
geiselman et al
to improve police interview techniques to obtain more accurate info from eyewitnesses
what were the four stages of the cognitive interview
context reinstatement
report everything
recall from changed perspective
recall in reverse order
what is context reinstatement
witness tires to mentally recreate image of situation and environment
e.g. weather, conditions, emotional state
acts as retrieval cues (context-dependent cues)
what is report everything
witness recalls all details about event, even if seemingly unimportant and irrelevant
highlights details which may have been overlooked
may trigger other memories
what is recall from changed perspective
witness mentally recreates situation from different point of view
promotes holistic view of event and reduces influence of schemas
what is recall in reverse order
witness recalls scene in a different chronological order
verifies accuracy and reduces possible risk of schemas
who developed the enhanced cognitive interview
fisher
what were the additional guidelines for the enhanced cognitive interview
- encourage witness to relax and speak slowly
- avoid distractions
- use open-ended questions
strengths of the cognitive interview
- geiselman et al showed pp video of stimulated crime and tested using CI, standard interview and hypnosis. CI generated most info
- fisher et al trained police in miami to use ECI. average of 46% increase in info witnesses gave. 90% info which could be verified was accurate
weaknesses of cognitive interview
- koehnken et al found CI generated more incorrect info compared to standard interview - may be because detailed recall increases chance of making a mistake
- Ci is time consuming and often police do not have time, training and resources to use it
