Learning disability Flashcards
females with a LD have an __ year lower life expectancy
18
males with a LD have a ___ year lower life expectancy
14
what is a learning disability
condition of arrested or incomplete development of the mind which is characterised by impairment of skills manifested during the developmental period which contribute to over all level of intelligence i.e. cognitive, language, motor and social
what is the most commonly used psychometric assessment of IQ
WAIS
- Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
what is the average IQ
100
what psychometric assessments of IQ are used in children
WISC - Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children
WPPSI - Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence
how do you calculate IQ
Mental age / chronological age x 100
is dementia classed as a learning disability?
no
is an acquired brain injury classed as a learning disability?
no
is dyslexia/other educational difficulty classed as a learning disability?
no
what is the flynn effect
IQ is increasing by 10 per generation and by 10 points per person per decade
true/false
average IQ of asians is higher than europe
true
what IQ is borderline learning disability
IQ 70-84
what IQ is mild learning disability
50 - 69
what IQ is moderate learning disability
35-49
what IQ is severe learning disability
20-34
what IQ is profound learning disability
less than 20
borderline learning disability is what mental age
12 - <15
mild learning disability is what mental age
9-<12
moderate learning disability is what mental age
6 - < 9
severe learning disability is what mental age
3 - < 6
profound learning disability is what mental age
< 3
what is the most common LD
mild
is borderline disability considered in ICD10 or DSM V
no
people with mild learning disability could carry out what tasks
unskilled or semi skilled work
people with moderate learning disability could carry out what tasks
simple practical tasks often with supervision
are people with mild learning disabilities typically independent
yes fully
Di george syndrome
22 Q deletion
Cri du Chat
5P
what kind of learning disability do you get with Cri du Chat
severe / profound
angelman
15Q
angelman is _____ derived LD
maternally
Prader willi is _____ derived LD
paternally
prader willi
15Q
velo-cardiofacial syndrome
22Q
williams syndrome
7Q
downs syndrome
trisomy 21
patau syndrome
trisomy 13
edwards syndrome
trisomy 18
turners
45 X0
is LD common with turners
rare
trisomy X
47 XXX
klinefelter
XXY
XYY
male, IQ may be slightly lower
fragile X is due to what faulty gene
FMR1
what are some prenatal factors that lead to LD
rubella CMV alcohol drugs poor diet
what are some genetic causes of LD (the syndromes are all chromosomal)
defects of protein (PKU), carbohydrate (mucopolysaccharidoses), lipid metabolism (neurolipidoses) all cause severe LD tuberous sclerosis congenital hypothyroidism Lesch Nyhan syndrome (x linked) neurofibromatosis
what disease is screened for post natally that if untreated can cause mental and growth retardation
congenital hypothyroidism
what are some perinatal factors that increase the risk of LD
neonatal septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis, birth injury, respiratory distress etc.
psychiatric disorders are _ times more common in PWLD
3
schizophrenia is _ times more common in PWLD and has an ____ onset
3
earlier
in PWLD with schizophrenia ____ symptoms are more common
negative
what is the management of PWLD
therapeutic environment - general support e.g. school or specific support for psychiatric problems psychoeducation social work communication and behavioural skills CBT
depression is _ times more common in PWLD
3
what is learned helplessness
PWLD get used to failure and give up
people with LD often have ___
ASD
