Learning Catalytics

Question 1

patient is diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia after suffering a neurological event. What part of the nervous system was damaged?

Answer 1

NTS

Question 2

Medical student Lucy van Pelt has been studying for her gastrointestinal midterm so rigorously that she has forgotten to eat her lunch. She becomes aware of this omission when her stomach starts to growl. What hormone is most likely responsible for this increase in motility?

Answer 2

Motilin

Question 3

Which of the following chemicals is likely increasing Lucy’s sense of hunger?

Answer 3

Ghrelin

Question 4

Touch the area of the hypothalamus that will be directly activated by ghrelin.

Answer 4

Arcuate nucleus

Question 5

As Lucy ponders her hunger, what neurotransmitter(s)are likely to be released in her hypothalamus?

Answer 5

AGRP

NPY

Question 6

Which of the following stimuli are likely to limit the amount of food Lucy ingests with her meal?

Answer 6

Gastric distension

CCK

Question 7

Which of the events depicted in the picture are the result of nitric oxide (NO) being released from enteric neurons?

Answer 7

The decrease in pressure seen in the lower esophageal sphincter (the lowest of the three traces here) is an important effect of nitric oxide.

Question 8

Gastrin

Answer 8

Distension in stomach

Question 9

Ghrelin

Answer 9

Fasting

Question 10

CCK

Answer 10

Fats in duodenum

Question 11

GLP-2

Answer 11

Damage to intestinal mucosa

Question 12

Amylin

Answer 12

Increased blood glucose levels

Question 13

GLP-1

Answer 13

Fats in late small intestine

Question 14

Which of the following is/are required to produce maximal secretion of gastric acid?

Answer 14

ACh (parasymp)
Histamine (parietal cells)
Gastrin (G cells)

Question 15

Student Doctor Seuss is conducting research on the absorption of sodium from the jejunum and ileum, but his results are confusing because the amount of sodium being absorbed is far lower than what he had predicted. The eminent physiologist Dr. Spock, on hearing the results of the experiment, hands him a vial and tells him to add this to the fluid in the lumen. Seuss does so and is amazed at the increase in sodium absorption. What did Dr. Spock hand him?

Answer 15

Glucose

AA

Question 16

A research subject is given a dose of motilin. What is the most likely outcome of this?

Answer 16

Migrating motor complex

Question 17

A myosin head with a slow ATPase activity and crossbridge cycle time has just bound to the actin active site. What event immediately preceded this binding?

Answer 17

Phosphorylation of the myosin light chain