Learning and Performance Flashcards
What are the 3 stages of learning?
Cognitive Associative Autonomous
Describe what the learner would do at the cognitive stage of learning.
Trying to understand the demands of the task. Putting together a mental model. Full attention given to the skill (e.g. they watch the ball when dribbling) They try skill using a combination of mental image and existing skill and knowledge.
Describe what the coach has to do at the cognitive stage of learning.
Provide a mental image. Use demonstrations. Lots of guidance. Key word cues.
What should the feedback be at the cognitive stage of learning?
Terminal - after the performance. Clear, simple and limited
Describe what the learner would do at the associative stage of learning.
Stays longer than cognitive stage. Success increases - fewer gross errors. Rapid improvement. Skills are smoother, accurate, timed and efficient.
Describe what the coach would do at the associative stage of learning.
Should practice under wide variety of situations. Introduce defender or an extra attacker. Increase pressure/reduce time.
Describe what feedback should be given at the associative stage of learning.
Begins to use intrinsic or kinaesthetic. Compares performance to mental model. Identify more detailed/complex cues.
Describe what the learner would do at the autonomous stage of learning.
Skills improve at a slower rate. High levels of skill. Smooth, efficient, accurate, performed without stress. No conscious thought of the skill being performed. Better selective attention. Focus on tactical/situational problems
Describe what the coach would do at the autonomous stage of learning.
Fine attention to detail. Technique/tactics/performance. Self evaluation/mental practice/self motivation.
Describe what the feedback should be at the autonomous stage of learning.
Performer can analyse and adjust own performance.
What is a learning plateau?
A period of time during which there is no change in performance.
When does a learning plateau occur?
When the learner stops progressing and no improvement in skill is evident.
What are the reasons for a learning plateau?
- Physical - strength/stamina/flexibility 2. Learning ability 3. Poor base skill learnt 4. Fatigue 5. Simple to complex skill 6. Next stage is too high or complex 7. Boredom 8. Motivation 9. Poor coaching
How can you overcome a learning plateau?
- Improve physical conditioning 2. Reset goals to become achievable 3. Shorter - more interesting/varied training sessions 4. Break skill down to sub routines 5. Mental rehearsal 6. Provide external rewards for motivation 7. Provide clear/concise feedback 8. Use ICT to improve knowledge of performance
What is motivation?
The biological, emotional, cognitive or social forces that activate and direct behaviour.
