Information Processing Flashcards
What are the input sense?
- Visual
- Auditory
- Proprioception
What is proprioception and what are the 3 parts of it?
Proprioception is how are body is orientated in space.
- Touch
- Equilibrium
- Kinaesthesis
What are the 3 elements of stimulus identification?
- Detection
- Comparison
- Recognition
What is selective attention?
The process of filtering out irrelevant information and selecting the important parts of the display.
How can a coach improve selective attention? (3)
- Relevant practice
- Increase the intensity of the stimulus
- Make stimuli unique
What are the characteristics of the Short Term Sensory Store?
- Large capacity
- 1st compartment of the memory.
- Information lasts for around 0.5 seconds
What are the functions of the Short Term Sensory Store?
- Selective attention takes place here
- Attended information is encoded to the short term memory
- All information from the environment is displayed here
What are the characteristics of the short term memory?
- Only selectivley attended items enter
- Limited capacity
- Can store 7-9 items - taxi rank theory
- Concious memory
What are the functions of the short term memory?
- Working memory; relates to what we are thinking about at any given moment in time - decision making.
- Information enters from the STSS
- Retreives information from the LTM to compare to current display
- Memory trace
What are the characteristics of the long term memory?
- Limitless capacity
- Items can be stored for a long time
- Is a store of well-learned past experiences
What are the functions of the long term memory?
- Information arrives from the STM
- Information and stored responses is used to compare against new experiences
- Using the LTM involves the process of retrival if information and passing it into the STM
What are the 3 processes in memory?
- Encoding; puttting information into a store
- Maintenance; keeping it alive by returning to it regularly
- Retrival; finding encoded information when needed
What is the long term memory influenced by?
- Rehearsal: the more a memory is repeated, the more likley that it will be remebered.
- Meaningfulness: the more important a memory is, the more likley it is to be remembered.
- Speed of Learning: the quicker a process is learned, the more likley it is to be remembered.
- Over learning: the more a skill is practised, even when perfected, the better it will be rememebered.
What are the 4 strategies to improve short term memory?
- Chunking; information is arranged into larger units so more pieces of information can be stored.
- Chaining; simplifying an action by reducing it into smaller links in a chain of events. This is done by breaking down a complex action into smaller actions that can be linked to form a chain of actions.
- Mental rehersal; ‘running through’ a performance in one’s mind.
- Practice; performing and practicing physically results in improved transer from STM and LTM and the ability to select appropriate information.
What is the definition of reaction time?
The time taken to make the decision, the time from th identification of the stimulus to the onset of movement.
What does Hick’s law show?
Hick’s law shows that as the number of stimuli increases, reaction time increases.
