Learning and Memory (short term/working) Flashcards
Learning and memory are what type of processes?
interconnected neuroplastic cognitive processes
What must external changes do in order for memories to be formed (storage) and reactivated (recall)?
they must persist
What two mechanisms are necessary for initiation and maintenance of memory?
LTP and LTD
Why does learning and memory have evolutionary value?
we learn about our external environment, store this information and can retrieve it during later situations and thus respond appropriately
What processes are involved in memory?
Encoding, Retention, and Retrieval
What is encoding?
acquisition of information “learning”
What is retention?
storage of information
What is retrieval?
accessing stored information
What is working memory?
It involves keeping relevant information accessible for short time periods while a task is being completed
What are the characteristics of working memory?
- Operates in real time (seconds and minutes)
- Has limited capacity for information
- Involves goal directed action
- Utilizes the distinct functions
How much information can we keep in our working memory?
originally thought to be ~7 items, but now it’s believed only to be ~4
What distinct functions does working memory utilize?
Planning, selection & suppression and task monitoring
What is planning?
developing and executing a strategy
What is the selection & suppression process in working memory?
identifying relevant components of the task and focusing attention of those components while suppressing irrelevant material
What is task monitoring in working memory?
Keeping relevant information “online”
