Learning Aim B: Lesson 1

Question 1

The public sector

Answer 1

The public sector organisations that provide H&S care services are financed and directly managed by the government

Funded by taxes and a smaller proportion of funds come from NI contributions. Majority of services are free to service user when they need them

Question 2

What are the 4 organisations in the public sector within 4 countries

Answer 2

National Health Service (NHS)
Health and Social Care Northern Ireland
NHS Scotland
NHS Wales

Question 3

Primary Health Care

Answer 3

Provided by GPs, dentists, opticians and pharmacists. Assessed directly by the service user when needed

Question 4

Secondary Health Care

Answer 4

Includes most hospital services, mental health services and community services. These are normally assessed via the GP, who makes referrals. Members of the public and the emergency services have direct access to the accident and emergency services at hospitals

Question 5

Tertiary Health Care

Answer 5

Provides specialist and complex services. E.g. specialist spinal injury units or hospice support

Question 6

NHS Foundation Trusts

Answer 6

In England, hospitals are managed by hospital trusts, most of which are now NHS Foundation Trusts. Foundation trusts was established in 2004. Although their services are largely financed by government, they are independent organisations.

Question 7

Who manages NHS Foundation Trusts?

Answer 7

They are managed by a board of governors which might include patients, staff, members of the public etc.

Question 8

What is the aim of the NHS Foundation Trust?

Answer 8

To move decision making from a centralised NHS to local communities, in order to respond to local needs and wishes

Question 9

Mental Health Foundation Trusts

Answer 9

Mental health services may be provided through GPs, specialist support such as counsellors, psychologists or psychologists.

More specialist support is normally provided by Mental Health Foundation Trusts.

Question 10

Who manages Mental Health Foundation Trusts?

Answer 10

Managed by community and the members elect governors who have responsibility for the quality and range of care provided

Question 11

What is included in the Mental Health Foundation Trusts services?

Answer 11

Services provided by MHFT include provision of psychological therapies, the support of psychiatric nurses and very specialist support for people with severe mental health problems

Question 12

Community Health Foundation Trusts

Answer 12

They work with GPs and LA social services department to provide health and care support

Question 13

The services provided by Community Health Foundation Trust may include

Answer 13

Adult and community nursing services

Health visiting and school nursing

Physiotherapy and occupational therapy and speech therapy services

Palliative/end of life care

Walk in centres

Specialist services such as managing diabetes, sexual health or contraception services.

Question 14

What is the aim of Community Health Foundation Trust

Answer 14

Provide care for service users that will enable them to live independently in the community rather than a hospital or residential care

Question 15

Adult social care work

Answer 15

Adult social care provision is for people over 18 years old who have disabilities, mental health problems, or who are otherwise frail, due to age or other circumstances and who are unable to support themselves without specific and planned assistance

Question 16

This is the responsibility of local authority social service departments.
The support provided can take many forms:

Answer 16

Care in the service users own home

Day centres to provide care, stimulation and company

Sheltered housing schemes

Residential care for older people, people with
disabilities and people suffering from mental illness

Respite care or short term residential care provided principally to give families caring at home a rest

Training centres for adults with learning difficulties

Question 17

Children’s services

Answer 17

Children’s services are the responsibility of local authorities.

Question 18

Aim of Children’s services

Answer 18

Their aim is to support and protect vulnerable children and young people, their families and also young carers. The local council’s children’s departments are required to work in close collaboration with other care providers (NHS, Education Services).

Question 19

Support that children services provide

Answer 19

Services to safeguard children who are at risk from abuse or harm, including sexual, physical, emotional harm or neglect

Day care for children under 5 years old

Help for parents and carers with ‘parenting skills’

Practical help in the home

Support of a children’s centre

Arrangements for fostering and adoption

Question 20

GP practices

Answer 20

GP practices are the first point of access to H/S care provision.
GPs have extensive knowledge of medical conditions and can offer preventative care.
GPs work with local communities. Their role is to make initial diagnoses and to refer individuals to a specialist for further investigation and treatment.

GPs increasingly work as members of multi-disciplinary teams.

They also work closely with other agencies, including educational services, LA social services and the police.

The GP and their team aim to use a holistic approach to care.

Question 21

GP practices are funded according to their assessed workloads from their patients. This takes into account:

Answer 21

Age of their patients

Gender

Levels of mobility and mortality in area

The number of people who live in residential or nursing homes

Patient turnover

Question 22

GP practices receive further payments from the NHS for the following:

Answer 22

If they are deemed to give a high quality service

For certain additional services they may provide (flu immunisations)

For seniority, based on GPs length of services

To support the cost of suitable premises and other necessary equipment (computers)

To cover additional costs if the GP practice also dispenses medicines