Learning

Question 1

What is learning?

Answer 1

Enduring and observational changes in an animals behaviour that results from its interactions with its physical and social environments

Question 2

Types of learning?

Answer 2

Habituation
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning

Question 3

What is habituation?

Answer 3

Modification of behavior as a result of the repeated occurrence of a single stimulus

 - Stimulus elicits response
 - repetition leads to reflex like response
 - learning its safe to ignore stimulus

Question 4

What is classical conditioning?

Answer 4

Learning of a new association between two previously unrelated stimulus

Learn that stimulus predict certain event and we can respond accordingly

Re flexed or autonomic response (Involuntary)

Discovered by Pavlov

Question 5

Classical Conditioning Terminology?

Answer 5

Unconditioned stimulus UCS
- Naturally occurring eliciting stimulus

Unconditioned Response UCR
- Response (elicited by UCS)

Conditioned Stimulus CS
- New Stimulus (unrelated)

Conditioned Response CR
- Response elicited by CS

Question 6

What is operant conditioning ?

Answer 6

Learning of the new association between behaviour and its consequences
- through reinforcement and punishment

Voluntary

Question 7

What is thorndikes law of effects?

Answer 7

rewarded = more likely

punished = less likely

Question 8

Consequences of behaviour ?

Answer 8

Positive Reinforcement = presentation of pleasant stimulus to increase likelyhood of behaviour

Negative Reinforcement = removal of a pleasant stimulus to make behavior more likely

Question 9

Two Schedules of Reinforcement?

Answer 9

Continuous:
- After every response

Partial:
- reinforce is not obtained after every response

Question 10

Types of Partial Reinforcement schedules ?

Answer 10

Ratio Schedules:

• Set number of responses
• Response rate generally higher

Interval:
- Given first response after set time elapsed

Fixed or Variable