Developmental Psychology Flashcards
Adaption by Piaget terminology ?
Constructivism ?
Schema: mental representation that help us understand how the world works
Assimilation: taking information and inc-operating it into existing schema
Accommodation: Adjusting current schema to account for new information that does not fit into old representations
What is constructivism?
basically a theory – based on observation and scientific study – about how people learn. It says that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world, through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences.
What is a temperant?
Individuals style and frequency of expressing needs and emotions
- Biologically and Genetically based
- Culturally differences
- Influenced by parently expectations
What are the different classifying of infant temperant?
“EASY”
- regular routines of eating, sleeping, ect
- Easily soothed, adaptable to new people/situations
“DIFFICULT”
-does not settle into routines, intense response, less adaptable
“SLOW TO WARM UP”
- Wary in new situations, requires time and support to settle and adapt
What is attachment ?
Bond between two people, characterized by mutual affection and desire to maintain proximity
Importance of first relationship?
- Turn head towards human voices
- Recognize own mothers voice and smell
- Gaze at face like displays
Importance of secure base?
Can impact brain development and result in long term emotional and cognitive problems
What did the Mary Ainsworth study?
TYPES OF ATTACHMENT (strange situation 12-18months)
Avoidant (A): Plays around mother, continue playing when she leaves, ignores when she returns
Securely Attached (B): uses mother as a base, plays around her, distressed when she leaves, seek her when she returns
Ambivalent (C): Clings to mother, does not explore, distressed when she leaves, angry when returns
Disorganised: Cautious in play, confused when she leaves, acts oddly when she returns (screaming, hittings self)
What are the different parenting styles?
AUTHORITARIAN
- Parents impose rules and expect obedience
AUTHORITATIVE
- Demanding and responsive
- Set rules, but explain reasons
PERMISSIVE
-submit to children desires, makes few demands
REJECTING/NEGLECTING
-Disengaged, expect little
Why caregiver is important ?
- Internal Working Models: self concept / social relationships
- Emotional regulation skills: social / emotional competence
Attachment in adult relationship?
SECURE:
- easy to get close to others
- comfortable depending on others and on them
- dont worry about abandonment
AVOIDENT :
- uncomfortable with close relationships
- difficult to trust
- partners often want more closeness
ANXIOUS:
- want more closeness
- worry partner doesnt really love them or want to stay
