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vet sciences > learned behavior > Flashcards

learned behavior Flashcards

1
Q

what’s learned behavior

A

a change in behavior that occurs through practice or as a result of experience

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2
Q

how can learning help an animal survive

A

it permits behavior to change in response to varied conditions (changing environment)

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3
Q

what are the 5 characteristics you will see with learned behavior?

A

nonheritable, extrinsic, permutable, adaptable, and progressive

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4
Q

nonheritable-

A

acquired only through observation or experience

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5
Q

extrinsic-

A

absent in animals raised in isolation from others

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6
Q

permutable-

A

pattern or sequence may change over time

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7
Q

adaptable-

A

capable of modification to suit changing conditions

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8
Q

progressive-

A

subject to improvement or refinement through practice

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9
Q

habituation-

A

simplest form of learning. animal is repeatedly given a stimulus that is not associated with any punishment or reward

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10
Q

what stimuli are ignored with habituation

A

unimportant
irrelevant
repetitive

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11
Q

what happens when you repeat a stimulus over and over?

A

it will lead to a decrease in the response eventually to no response at all

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12
Q

examples of habituation

A

police horses, canine companion for independence

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13
Q

what is imprinting

A

form of learning in which an animal at a specific critical time if it’s life forms a social attachment to another object

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14
Q

example of imprinting

A

geese/ducks imprint on their mother by following her, display courtship behavior

male mice imprint on the ofer of there littermates to avoid mating with close relatives

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15
Q

imprinting where time of exposure is critical-

A

a few days after hatching, imprinting no longer occurs

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16
Q

trial and error-

A

a type of learning in which an animal receives a reward for making a particular response

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17
Q

motivation-

A

an internal need that causes an animal to act. It is necessary for learning to take place. If the animal isn’t motivated, it won’t learn. 

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18
Q

what is a motivation for animals? 

A

thirst or hunger 

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19
Q

conditioned behaviors-

A

are types of associative learning where is stimulus becomes associated with a consequence

20
Q

what are two types of conditioning techniques? 

A

classical conditioning and operant conditioning

21
Q

classical conditioning

A

Learning by association, learn to associate one stimulus with another unrelated stimulus 

22
Q

What is an example of classical conditioning?

A

cat opener. The cat comes running and a cheese, wrapper Daisy, and Ivy come running. 

23
Q

Who first demonstrated conditioning in dogs

A

ivan pavlov

24
Q

operate conditioning 

A

when a condition behavior is gradually modified by its consequences as the animal responds to the stimulus 

25
Q

what does operant conditioning rely on? 

A

reinforcement like a reward, and or punishment to modify a condition behavior in this way, the animal is conditioned to associate a type of behavior with the punishment or reward 

26
Q

neutral operates 

A

responses from the environment that neither increase or decrease the probability of a behavior being repeated 

27
Q

reinforcers

A

responses from the environment that increased the probability of a behavior being repeated it can be either positive or negative 

28
Q

punishers

A

responses from the environment that decrease the likelihood of a behavior being repeated punishment, weakens behavior 

29
Q

positive reinforcement

A

Strengthen a behavior by providing a consequence and individual find

30
Q

What’s examples for positive reinforcement?

A

treats or when a teacher gives you five dollars for doing homework 

31
Q

negative reinforcement

A

The removal of an unpleasant reinforcer, can also strengthen behavior.

32
Q

What’s an example of negative reinforcement

A

if you don’t complete your homework, you give your teacher the five dollars back so you will complete your homework to avoid paying five dollars strengths behavior to do homework

dog not sitting pull on collar until sits, then release the collar, which is pleasant when you release it 

33
Q

punishment

A

opposite of reinforcement, since it is designed to weaken, or eliminate a response rather than increase it 

34
Q

insight

A

occurs when one suddenly realizes how to solve a problem rather than being habitual or automatic insight, involves coming up with a new idea that does not result from past experience to solve a problem

35
Q

Who invented insight learning

A

wolfgang kohler

36
Q

what did wolfgang kohler do

A

he did a study of apes, which he put a bunch of hungry chimpanzees and put fruits high and they had to figure out how to get it and they started scratching, and then they started to put boxes so they could reach the fruit which is insight 

37
Q

What’s the difference between insight learning, and other learning theories?

A

Other learning may be related to knowledge, attention, memory, reason, etc. but insight learning does not directly involve using past experience to solve a problem

38
Q

Communication

A

Exchange of information that results in a change of behavior

39
Q

What ways do community animals communicate through?

A

acoustic communication, chemical, communication, visual communication, and tactile communication 

40
Q

Acoustic communication

A

Sounds like alarm calls and mating calls

41
Q

Chemical communication

A

smells like pheromones

42
Q

Visual communication

A

sight like mating dance and territory aggression 

43
Q

tactile communication

A

Touch like primates, important in building and maintaining relationships among social animal

44
Q

How do communication signals play a role?

A

through courtship, conflict, resolution, territory, defense, relocate and identified their own young, an alarm calls

45
Q

language

A

Use of symbols to represent ideas, which is present primarily in animals with complex nervous systems, memory and insight

vet sciences (9 decks)

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