LEAF Flashcards

1
Q

other plant organ that, along with stems, constitutes the shoot of the plant body. Its principal function is to act as the main site of photosynthesis in a plant.

A

leaf

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2
Q

The leaf consists of a flattened laminar portion called the

A

blade

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3
Q

The leaf consists of a stalk and which attaches the blade to the stem

A

petiole

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4
Q

If the blade is attached directly to the stem, the leaf is described as

A

sessile

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5
Q

Leaves arise from an apical or lateral bud that is often protected by

A

bud scales

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6
Q

are small leaf-like structures which develop in pairs on each side of the leaf during the growing season

A

Stipules

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7
Q

In monocots, the blades are usually narrow whose base, wholly or partly encloses the stem

A

sheath

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8
Q

Between the blade and the sheath, some monocot plants have appendages such as

A

auricles and ligules

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9
Q

persistent meristem at the base of the leaf that allows it to grow indefinitely in monocots

A

true

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10
Q

The most common shapes

A

linear (thin), lanceolate (like a spear), ovate (oval) and cordate (heart-shaped).

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11
Q

lined with the veins; the middle portion of the blade usually has a prominent central vein

A

blade or lamina

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12
Q

prominent central vein, while smaller veins radiate from this

A

midrib

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13
Q

veins are arranged differently in monocots and dicots, explain

A

Dicots display netted venation while monocots usually have parallel venation.

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14
Q

edge of the blade is called

A

margin

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15
Q

margin types

A

toothed, lobed or entire.

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16
Q

leaf tip

A

apex

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17
Q

part near the petiole is called

A

leaf base

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18
Q

There are two types of leaves

A

There are two types of leaves

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19
Q

a single blade or lamina and may have any of the above characteristics
They may be deeply lobed.

A

simple leaf

20
Q

is composed of two or more separate leaflets.

A

compound leaf

21
Q

There are two basic kinds of compound leaves:

A

There are two basic kinds of compound leaves:

22
Q

the leaflets occur in a linear sequence lined up along both sides of a central axis

A

pinnately compound leaf

23
Q

central axis

24
Q

which three, five, seven or more leaflets are all attached at one point near the tip of the petiole and they radiate out from this tip.

A

palmate compound leaf

25
How do you tell if a leaf is compound?
Look at the base of the leaf or petiole where it is attached to the stem. If there is a bud in the angle formed by the petiole and stem, like an axillary bud, then the entire structure supported by the petiole is a leaf, regardless of the number of leaflets present. All the leaflets of a compound leaf occur in the same plane. Also, some very large pinnately compound leaves sometimes resemble an entire branch. The branch will have a terminal bud, but a compound leaf won't have a terminal branch.
26
Leaf arrangement is referred to
phyllotaxy
27
one leaf occurs at each node
alternate or spiral arrangement
28
alternate and the leaves occur only on two rows
distichous
29
two leaves at a node facing each other
opposite
30
which two opposite leaves are perpendicular to the two opposite leaves below or above them
decussate
31
arrangement has three or more leaves at one node
whorled
32
outermost layer of cells
epidermis
33
These epidermal cells secrete a waxy substance which forms a covering over the outer dermal cells rendering these cells impermeable to water. The waxy covering is called
cuticle
34
There is an upper epidermis and a lower epidermis in a leaf with
dorsiventral
35
The openings in the epidermis are called
stomates
36
stomates which are formed between specialized epidermal cells called
guard cells
37
are found on the undersurface of the leaves and herbaceous stems These help reduce evaporation of water from plants or protect young shoots from herbivores.
trichomes
38
with the exception of the vascular bundles, comprises all of the cells between the upper and lower epidermis and is usually divided into two parts.
mesophyll
39
The cells toward the upper epidermis, which are elongated, make up the
palisade layer
40
The zone below the palisade layer, composed of irregularly shaped cells
spongy layer
41
are found between mesophyll cells
Inter-cellular air spaces
42
In some monocots, there is no distinct palisade and spongy layers because the leaves are all the parenchyma cells with chloroplast between the upper and lower epidermis comprise the mesophyll layer.
isobilateral
43
function both as supporting and conducting tissue.
vascular bundles
44
They are composed of two fundamental tissues:
xylem and phloem
45
These conducting tissues are surrounded by vascular bundle sheath cells and are collectively called
veins