Leadership: Influencing Flashcards
Influence relies on
Using one’s power and/or skills to change other’s perceptions or actions.
Five ways leaders can create power
- Legitimate power
- Reward power
- Expert power
- Referent power
- Coercive power
Legitimate power is created
Formally—through a title or position in the hierarchy that is associated with the rights of leadership.
Reward power is created
- When the leader can offer followers something they value in exchange for their commitment
- Examples: promotions or compensation
Expert power
Created when a leader is recognized as possessing great intelligence, insight, or experience.
Referent power
- Created by the leader’s personality
- The ability to get admiration, affection, and/or loyalty.
Coercive power
Created when the leader has the power to punish those who do not follow.
Power creation from external factors
- Legitimate
- Reward
- Coercive
Power creation from internal factors
- Referent
- Expert
Legitimate power advantages
Save time in decision making and focus team on the organization’s goals.
Legitimate power disadvantages
If leader is not competent and effective at leading.
Reward power advantages
Appeal to the team members’ individual motivators
Reward power disadvantages
Useful only of leader is able to access and extend meaningful rewards to team members
Expert power advantages
- Improve a team’s efforts by offering advice and guidance
- Can win respect for the team and its work throughout the organization
Expert power disadvantages
- Can create a dependency and weaken team member initiatives and discourage their contributions
- Effect will weaken if the individual is a weak team leader
Referent power advantages
Appeal to social needs of individuals, the desire for affiliation
Referent power disadvantages
Will weaken if leader is not competent, effective and fair
Coercive power advantages
Get immediate results
Coercive power disadvantages
Damages team members’ motivation and self-direction over time
Why must leaders persuade instead of coerce
- Can damage ongoing relationships
- Ability to reward may be limited
How to persuade
- Reasoning
- Mutually held visions
- Reciprocity
- Trade for what you want, using expertise or resources to fill another’s needs
How to reason
- Explain advantages of one’s view logically and clearly with examples
- Most effective when combined with knowledge of the other person’s needs and potential for aligning interest for mutual benefit
Process of reciprocity
System of banking “favors” so that one can ask for favor in return in the future
How to utilize other’s influencing style
- Recognizing your own and others
- Flex or use the most appropriate type of influence for the situation and people involved