Leadership and management HRM

Question 1

management define

Answer 1

work of directing a business organization’s resources to achieve goals

Question 2

leadership define

Answer 2

use of strategic and creating thinking to inspire people to meet challenges and accomplish goals.

Question 3

5 leadership styles

Answer 3

autocratic
democratic
paternalistic
laissez-faire
situational

Question 4

define autocratic leadership w +/-

Answer 4

• concentrates virtually all dming in own hands - ceneteralized
  “ne individual holds all decision-making power, giving little or no input to others. It relies on control, authority, and a clear top-down approach to management.”
  +:
  removes any guesswork
  high efficiency
  saves time and money/resources
  -:
  emp ideas and feedback aren’t considered - lead to demotiv and high labor turnover
  less innovation and creativity opportunities
  diff scopes and POV’s not welcome, may be bad in terms of crisis where the scope/POV req diff interpretations,

Question 5

define democratic leadership w +/-

Answer 5

leader actively seeks input from members/emps and encourages employees to participant in dming
“leader encourages group participation in decision-making, valuing the input and ideas of team members. It promotes collaboration, shared responsibility, and open communication.”
+:
trust
good RSs
feedback provided
high quality of productivity/processes/operations/output
new/diff POVs/interested introed
-:
not good in terms of crisis
slow down dming
timely (consult everyone)
diff degrees of ability/skill/education and asking everyone for feedback might not be good bcz of this - may not have enuf experience and knowledge on specific situation

Question 6

define paternalistic leadership w +/-

Answer 6

head of business treats employees as tho they were part of their family - in turn, leader expects loyalty, and obedience
“ leader acts like a parental figure, making decisions in the best interest of employees while also providing guidance and care. It combines authority with concern for employee well-being and loyalty.”
+:
high price and devotion/loyalty for emp
high motivation
personal connection and RSs
high efficiency and productivity
sense of belonging = high mtoiv
high trust
-:
leader may fail to see whats best for bus and only look for employees interests
redundancy/dismissal - cause distrust and demotiv of other emps
leader dependency
potential for favoritism from leader

Question 7

define laissez-faire leadership w +/-

Answer 7

leader lets go of dming and allows emps to make decisions and have autonomy/control (emp education and competency is imp - need skilled workforce)
“hands-off style where leaders provide minimal guidance and allow team members to make their own decisions. It works best with highly skilled, motivated, and independent individuals.”
+:
autonomy - dm=accomplish goal=high motivation for emps
high motivation
leader has trust - emp feel better and more satisfied and confident in their work - high productivity and quality
independent minded emps - competent
-:
X suit all emps and OCs/OSs
high cost of training and recruiting
lack of direction - no clear guidance for emps (more timely to figure out what to do)
poor accountability - responsibilities r losely defined - hard to track performance/quantify - hard when giving rewards etc.

Question 8

define situational leadership w +/-

Answer 8

lader adapts lifestyle for time, place, people, and nature of task.
leader adopts diff L styles based on given situation
“leader adapts their approach based on the needs of the team and the specific situation. It involves assessing factors like team members’ skills, motivation, and the task at hand to choose the most effective leadership method.”
+:
leader is skilled/competent and knowledgeable
leads big bus w diverse needs - good for that
saves time
flexible
good motiv/role model for other emps
-:
confusing
costly
hard to find capable manager/leader
not appropriate for specific bus w diff OCs and OSs

Question 9

define scientific management/thinking w +/-

Answer 9

dming using quant research and techniques (inv appraisal/break even/big data)
access and make predictions based on prior data or competitors data
+:
accessible for traditional markets
efficiency
accuracy
less bias
-:
inaccessible/less value for modern industries
assumptions (where/what data to use to make predictions)
hard to get data - costly
timely

Question 10

define intuitive management/thinking w +/-

Answer 10

dms on intuition - fast reasoning developed by expert managers that have emotional intelligence and experience
+:
faster
good for emergencies
qual - good for modern industries esp in marketing and HRM sector
-:
not accurate
hight risk