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Anatomy NWHSU > LE Lecture Exam > Flashcards

LE Lecture Exam Flashcards

1
Q

How do the arteries work?

A

They carry blood away from the chambers of the heart (except lungs)

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2
Q

How do the veins work?

A

They carry blood towards the chambers of the heart (except lungs)

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3
Q

Artery Design

A

thicker walls
more elastin

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4
Q

Vein Design

A

thinner walls
less elastin
more valves

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5
Q

What artery arises from the external iliac a. at the level of inguinal ligament?

A

Femoral artery

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6
Q

What does the femoral artery supply to?

A

Anterior compartment of the thigh

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7
Q

Borders of Femoral Triangle

A

Upper: Inguinal Ligament
Lateral: Medial border of Sartorius
Medial: Medial border of adductor longus

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8
Q

Roof of Femoral Triangle

A

Fascia Lata

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9
Q

Floor of Femoral Triangle (Medial to Lateral)

A

Adductor Longus
(Adductor Brevis)
Pectineus
Iliopsoas

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10
Q

Contents of Femoral Triangle (Lateral to Medial)

A

Femoral Nerve
Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Lymphatics
(NAVL)

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11
Q

What are the branches of the femoral artery?

A

Superficial epigastric a.
Superficial circumflex iliac a.
Superficial external pudendal a.
Deep external pudendal a.
Profunda femoris a.

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12
Q

Another name for the Deep Femoral A.?

A

Profunda Femoris a

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13
Q

Arteries that create the cruciate anastomosis

A

Medial femoral circumflex a
lateral femoral circumflex a
1st perforating branch a
Inferior gluteal a.

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14
Q

Upon passing the adductor hiatus, the femoral artery emerges posteriorly as the ?

A

Popliteal artery

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15
Q

What arteries form the anastomosis around the knee?

A

Superior medial genicular a.
Inferior medial genicular a.
Middle genicular a
Superior lateral genicular a.
Inferior lateral genicular a.

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16
Q

What does the popliteal a. bifurcate into?

A

Anterior Tibial a.
Posterior Tibial a.

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17
Q

What artery comes off the posterior tibial a.?

A

Fibular a.

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18
Q

What’s another name for the fibular artery? (Fibular in general)

A

Peroneal a.

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19
Q

Posterior Tibial A runs with?

A

Tibial n.

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20
Q

Anterior Tibial A runs with?

A

Deep fibular n.

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21
Q

Longest vein in the body?

A

Great Saphenous v.

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22
Q

Where does the great saphenous v. drain?

A

Digital
Dorsal Metatarsal
Dorsal Venous Arch

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23
Q

Vein that passes around lateral malleolus?

A

Small Saphenous V.

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24
Q

What veins accompany arteries of the same name?

A

Deep veins

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25
Q

What does the deep fascia do?

A

Limit expansion of muscle
Increase muscle efficiency
Promote return of venous blood

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26
Q

Compartments of innervation

A

Anterior
Medial
Posterior
Lateral

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27
Q

Another name for Gerdy’s Tubercle?

A

Proximal, lateral, anterior tibial shaft

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28
Q

Another name for Pes Anserine?

A

Proximal, medial , anterior tibial shaft

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29
Q

Explain Trendelenburg’s Sign

A

Pelvic imbalance where a hip drop occurs, and the opposite side of the hip drop is where the problem is occuring

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30
Q

Lateral Rotators of Hip

A

Piriformis
Quadratus Femoris
Obturator Internus
Obturator Externus
Gemellus Superior
Gemellus Inferior

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31
Q

What muscle of the lateral rotators is not innervated by the sacral plexus? What is is instead innervated by?

A

Obturator Externus
Obturator Nerve

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32
Q

(1) is innervated 2/3 of the time by this nerve (2) and 1/3 of the time by this nerve (3)

A

Pectineus
Femoral N
Obturator N

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33
Q

Muscles in the first layer of the foot

A

Abductor Digiti Minimus
Abductor Hallicus
Flexor Digitorum Brevis

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34
Q

Muscles in the second layer of the foot

A

Lumbricals
Quadratus Plantae

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35
Q

Muscles in the third layer of the foot

A

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Adductor Hallicus
Flexor Hallicus Brevis
Opponens Digiti Minimi

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36
Q

Hip Flexion Muscles

A

Iliopsoas
Sartorius
TFL
Rectus Femoris
Gracilis
Glute Med
Glute Min
Pectineus*
Adductor Longus, Brevis, Magnus*
*(weakly/assist)

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37
Q

Hip Extension Muscles

A

Glute Max
BF LH
Semi M
Semi T
Adductor Magnus
Glute Med

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38
Q

Hip Adduction Muscles

A

Pectineus
Adductor Longus, Brevis, Magnus
Obturator Externus
Gracilis
Glute Max

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39
Q

Hip Abduction Muscles

A

Glute Max
Glute Med
Glute Min
TFL
Sartorius
Piriformis (when hip is flexed)

40
Q

Hip Medial Rotation Muscles

A

Glute Med
Glute Max
TFL
Adductor Longus, Brevis, Magnus
Pectineus
Gracilis
Semi T*
Semi M*
*(weakly/assist)

41
Q

Hip Lateral Rotation Muscles

A

Obturator Externus/Internus
Piriformis
Superior/Inferior Gemelli
Quadratus Femoris
Glute Max, Min, Med
Sartorius
Iliopsoas

42
Q

Knee Flexion Muscles

A

ALL hamstrings
Gracilis
Sartorius
Gastrocnemius
Popliteus

43
Q

Knee Extension Muscles

A

Rectus Femoris
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius

44
Q

Knee Lateral Rotation Muscles

A

Biceps Femoris
TFL

45
Q

Knee Medial Rotation Muscles

A

Semi T
Semi M
Sartorius
Gracilis

46
Q

Plantar Flexion Muscles

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Tibialis Posterior
Fibularis Longus*
Fibularis Brevis*
Flexor Hallicus Longus*
Flexor Digitorum Longus*
Plantaris*
*(weakly/assist)

47
Q

Dorsiflexion Muscles

A

Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallicus Longus

48
Q

Ankle Inversion Muscles

A

Tibialis Anterior/Posterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallicus Longus
Extensor Hallicus Longus

49
Q

Ankle Eversion Muscles

A

Fibularis Longus
Fibularis Brevis
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Fibularis Tertius*
*(weakly/assist)

50
Q

Functional unit of of nervous system

A

Neuron

51
Q

Cluster of cell bodies in PNS are?

A

Ganglia

52
Q

Schwann cells are?

A

myelinated cells in the PNS

53
Q

Cluster of cell bodies in the CNS are?

A

Nucleus

54
Q

Afferent is?

A

to the CNS

55
Q

Efferent is?

A

away from the CNS

56
Q

What’s a group of neuron fibers in the PNS called?

A

Nerve

57
Q

What are myelinated tracts called?

A

White matter

58
Q

What are unmyelinated tracts called?

A

Grey Matter

59
Q

Most common type of neuron?

A

multipolar motor neuron

60
Q

Common of double process extending from body that splits into central process and peripheral process?

A

Pseudounipolar sensory neuron

61
Q

Name the two STRUCTURAL divisions of the nervous system

A

CNS
PNS

62
Q

Parts of CNS

A

Brain
Spinal Cord
CN2

63
Q

Parts of PNS

A

12 pairs of CN
31 Peripheral nerves

64
Q

DIVISIONS of PNS

A

Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System

65
Q

FUNCTIONAL divisions of ANS

A

sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
enteric nervous system

66
Q

Fight/Flight/Freeze

A

sympathetic nervous system

67
Q

rest, digest, repair, arousal

A

parasympathetic nervous system

68
Q

sensory (afferent) is

A

input

69
Q

motor (efferent) is

A

output

70
Q

Teleceptors for vision and hearing

A

SSA

71
Q

Exteroceptors for skin, deeper tissues, touch, temp, pain, pressure

A

GSA

72
Q

Proprioceptors like spindle fibers and golgi tendon organs. Transmit message of movement

A

GSA

73
Q

Interoceptors for smooth muscle contraction, secretory activity of glands

A

GVA

74
Q

Chemoreceptors of nasal and tongue mucosa receptors

A

SVA

75
Q

Full names for these receptors:
SSA
GSA
SVA
GVA

A

special somatic afferent
general somatic afferent
special visceral afferent
general visceral afferent

76
Q

General motor fibers

A

GSE

77
Q

special motor fibers

A

SVE

78
Q

visceral motor fibers

A

GVE

79
Q

These fibers create the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of PNS

A

GVE

80
Q

Full names for these receptors:
GSE
GVE
SVE

A

general somatic efferent
general visceral efferent
special visceral efferent

81
Q

1) number of cervical vertebrae
2) number of cervical spinal nerves

A

7
8

82
Q

Dorsal root is what kind of nerve?

A

Sensory/Afferent

83
Q

Ventral root is what kind of nerve?

A

Motor/Efferent

84
Q

What’s the cavity lining of abdominal cavity?

A

Peritoneum

85
Q

The deep inguinal ring represents a gap in the

A

transversalis fascia

86
Q

The superficial inguinal ring represents a gap in the

A

external oblique m.

87
Q

This is where the cremaster muscle attaches in males

A

arcuate line

88
Q

O/I of Rectus abdominis

A

O- xiphoid process
I- pubic crest

89
Q

“White Line”

A

Linea alba

90
Q

“Pregnancy Line” or “Black Line”

A

Linea nigra

91
Q

Big difference between L/R rectus abdominals

A

Diastasis Recti

92
Q

Coverings of spermatic cord

A

Internal spermatic fascia
cremaster muscle and fascia
external spermatic fascia

93
Q

most common type of hernia

A

indirect inguinal hernia

94
Q

how does the peritoneal leave the sac in indirect inguinal hernia

A

deep inguinal ring

95
Q

external oblique fibers run…..

A

down and in

96
Q

internal oblique fibers run…..

A

up and in

Anatomy NWHSU (8 decks)

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