GA2 Exam 3

Question 1

What cartilage is the largest in the larynx?
A. Thyroid cartilage
B. Arytenoid cartilage
C. Cricoid cartilage
D. Corniculate cartilage

Answer 1

A. Thyroid Cartilage

Question 2

Which of the following muscles Abducts the vocal cords?
A. Posterior cricoarytenoid
B. Oblique arytenoid
C. Lateral cricoarytenoid
D. Cricothyroid

Answer 2

A. Posterior cricoarytenoid

Question 3

Which of the following does not include the middle nasal meatus?
A. Ethmoid air cells
B. Maxillary sinus
C. Frontonasal duct
D. Nasolacrimal duct

Answer 3

D. Nasolacrimal duct

Question 4

Order of inspired air from the nares to alveoli

Answer 4

Nares-lumen nasi-anger nasi-choana-nasopharynx-oropharynx-laryngeal aditus-rima vestibuli-rima glottidis-cricoid cartilage-trachea-carina-primary bronchi-secondary bronchi-tertiary bronchi-bronchioles-alveoli

Question 5

Which os the following is innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve?
A. Vocalist
B. Posterior cricoarytenoid
C. Lateral cricoarytenoid
D. Cricothyroid

Answer 5

D. Cricothyroid

Question 6

Which lung is the cardiac notch located?

Answer 6

Left Lung

Question 7

Which lung is the lingula located?

Answer 7

Left Lung

Question 8

Which lung is the horizontal fissure located?

Answer 8

Right lung

Question 9

Which lung is the oblique fissure located?

Answer 9

Both lungs

Question 10

Which lung is the esophageal groove located?

Answer 10

Both lungs

Question 11

Which lung is the groove for the azygous vein located?

Answer 11

Right lung

Question 12

Which lung is the pulmonary ligament located?

Answer 12

Both lungs

Question 13

Which functional area of the brain is found most rostral?
A. The collection of atonal fibers that connect the left and right hemispheres
B. The region of the brain that processes critical thinking, personality, humour
C. Cerebellum
B. The primary visual cortex of the brain

Answer 13

B. The region of the brain that processes critical thinking, personality, humour

Question 14

Which of the following is found most superficial?
A. Pia mater

Question 15

What functional area of the brain is found most rostral?
A. The collection of axonal fibers that connect the right and left hemispheres
B. The region of the brain that processes critical thinking, personality, humor
C. Cerebellum
D. The primary visual cortex of the brain

Answer 15

B. The region of the brain that processes critical thinking, personality, humor

Question 16

Which of the following is found most superficial?
A. Pia Mater
B. Arachnoid Mater
C. Dura Mater
D. Whatsa mater

Answer 16

C. Dura Mater

Question 17

After leaving the 3rd ventricle, CSF flows through the;
A. Interventricular foramina
B. Cerebral Aquaduct
C. Lateral Ventricles
D. Cerebellomedullary Cistern
E. Fourth Ventricle

Answer 17

B. Cerebral aquaduct

Question 18

The four small glands found on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland would have which of the following effect on the blood?
A. Serum cholesterol would increase
B. Serum calcium would decrease
C. Serum Cholestrol would decrease
D. Serum calcium would increase

Answer 18

D. Serum calcium would increase

Question 19

The midbrain is the:
A. Diencephalon
B. Mesencephalon
C. Telencephalon

Answer 19

B. Mesencephalon

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the location of the organ responsible for reducing blood calcium levels, metabolism and homeostasis?
A. C3 vertebral segment C5/6 vertebral segment
B. From the top to the bottom of it
C. Upper 1/3 of laryngeal cartilage to C3/4 vertebral segment
D. From 5th-6th tracheal ring to inferior 1/3 of laryngeal cartilage

Answer 20

D. From 5th-6th tracheal ring to inferior 1/3 of laryngeal cartilage

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT part of the telencephalon? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A. The area of the brain affected in Parkinson’s disease
B. Brodmann area 6
C. The area of the brain where neuro-endocrine integration occurs
D. The area of the brain that secretes hormone(s) involved in Circadian rhythms
E. The area of the brain involved in processing language

Answer 21

-A. The area of the brain affected in Parkinson’s disease
-C. The area of the brain where neuro-endocrine integration occurs
-D. The area of the brain that secretes hormone(s) involved in Circadian rhythms

Question 22

A 22 yo female patient presents following a minor fall off of her paddle board. Which of the following is NOT accurate?
A. When you perform this movement for awhile it then gets shifted into the premotor area (Brodmann’s area 8). This information is then continuously being filtered through the cerebellum to the thalmus to eliminate unnecessary movement
B. For proprioception, incoming sensory signals will travel up to the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway along the first then second-order neurons to the thalmus
C. The vestibular portion of CN8 carries this signal to the vestibular nuclei complex in the pons and medulla
D. Auditory input is carried on the inferior colliculus to the thalmus and then to the primary auditory cortex of the cerebellum (Brodmann’s area 41-42)

Answer 22

A. When you perform this movement for awhile it then gets shifted into the premotor area (Brodmann’s area 8). This information is then continuously being filtered through the cerebellum to the thalmus to eliminate unnecessary movement

Question 23

Select ALL of the following accurate statements regarding the anatomy of hearing:
A. CN VIII enters the CNS between the pons and the medulla
B. Broca’s region (Brodmann area 22) aids in understanding sounds and music (auditory association area)
C. Exposure to sudden loud sounds (especially without hearing protection)- as might occur in trap shooting, causes sensorineural hearing loss affecting the stereocilia of the Organ of Corti
D. The primary auditory cortex is located at the superior temporal gyrus
E. Input from cranial nerve 8 pass through the superior Olive, medial lemniscus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate (thalamus) before making it to area 41/42

Answer 23

-A. CN VIII enters the CNS between the pons and the medulla,
-C. Exposure to sudden loud sounds (especially without hearing protection)- as might occur in trap shooting, causes sensorineural hearing loss affecting the stereocilia of the Organ of Corti,
-D. The primary auditory cortex is located at the superior temporal gyrus
-E. Input from cranial nerve 8 pass through the superior Olive, medial lemniscus, inferior colliculus, medial geniculate (thalamus) before making it to area 41/42

Question 24

Which of the following statements is the most accurate?
A. The olive is found medial to the fasciculous cuneatus
B. The red nucleus is found in the tectum
C. The midbrain tectum is primarily composed of colliculi
D. Neurons that synapse in the gracile tubercle come from above the level of T6

Answer 24

C. The midbrain tectum is primarily composed of colliculi

Question 25

A24 yo male patient presents to your clinic with recent changes to taste- he reports not being able to taste his favorite food like pickles, tacos, ice cream. Select ALL of the correct choices

Select one or more:
a.the lingual nucleus, found in the pons, relays taste sensation to the thalamus
b.3rd order neurons are projection neurons that project taste sensation to Brodmann areas 3,1,2
c. 2nd order taste neurons synapse in the medulla oblongata
d.The nucleus for Cn 7 can be found in the tegmentum of the dorsal pons

Answer 25

-c. 2nd order taste neurons synapse in the medulla oblongata
-d.The nucleus for Cn 7 can be found in the tegmentum of the dorsal pons

Question 26

after leaving the 3rd ventricle, CSF flows through the
a.cerebellomedullary cistern
b.fourth ventricle
c.cerebral aqueduct
d.lateral ventricles
e.interventricular foramina

Answer 26

c.cerebral aqueduct

Question 27

A 23 yo female weightlifter presents to your clinic prior to a competition (for weightlifting). She notes that on a heavy snatch, her left side lags slightly in timing. Select ALL of the following correct statements

Her lifting buddy, a 25yo male has “plateaued” with his max deadlift and is seeking free advice as he accompanies her to the clinic.

Select one or more:
A. From Brodmann area 6, neural impulses travel via the descending Corticospinal tract where 90% of the fibers will decussate in the pyramids within the medulla
B. Activation of Lamina 7 of the tectum of the cerebellum coordinates stabilization of proximal joints during heavy lifting
C. Cognitive preparation for a maximum weight deadlift may result in increased output from the primary motor cortex and the premotor areas of the frontal lobe to increase muscle fiber recruitment
D. C5 GSA fibers travel to the rhomboids and Levator scapulae via dorsal scapular nerve in muscle contraction at the beginning of the lift

Answer 27

-A. From Brodmann area 6, neural impulses travel via the descending Corticospinal tract where 90% of the fibers will decussate in the pyramids within the medulla
-C. C. Cognitive preparation for a maximum weight deadlift may result in increased output from the primary motor cortex and the premotor areas of the frontal lobe to increase muscle fiber recruitment