LE Bracing for SCI Flashcards
what is the most common LE brace for SCI patients?
KAFO - knee ankle foot orthosis
KAFOs are appropriate for patients with: (3)
–> quad strength and proprioception?
poor frontal plane knee control
excessive knee recurvatum
weakness of hip extensors
<3+/5 quad strength and/or impaired/absent proprioception
name the type of knee joint for the following:
- reduction in knee hyperextension, control mild to moderate varus/valgus, entire ROM at any point
- control of knee buckling, cause patient to walk with stiff knee gait
- control knee buckling, assistance with knee ext, free during swing and full knee ext in stance
- conventional non-locking or “free”
- locking
- stance control
what are the two types of conventional non-locking or “free” braces?
- single axis
- posterior offset axis (knee jt goes into full knee ext before anatomical knee ext)
what knee joint design is used for stabilization of flail knee with use of some knee extensor moment and free knee motion?
offset unlocked
what knee joint design is used for stabilization of flail knee without use of knee extensors or free knee motion?
single axis locked
offset locked (with contracture)
what knee joint design is used for genu recurvatum control?
single axis locked
offset unlocked
offset locked
what knee joint design is used for reduction of knee flexion contracture?
variable position locked
what knee joint design is used for control of genu valgum/varum?
single axis locked or unlocked
offset locked or unlocked
a person may not require a KAFO even with quad strength < 3+/5 if______
why?
hip extensor muscle strength is >/= 3+/5, they have full knee ext ROM, or quads tone or proprioception is intact
these are coupling movements
stance control KAFOs allow for _____ in swing and prevent _____ in stance
free knee
buckling
_________ AFOs are “gait activated” meaning:
mechanical stance control
ankle ROM, inclination of the limb, internal pendulum
HKAFOs are appropriate for what kind of patients? what must they have for HKAFO?
patients with extreme weakness of the hips but typically only used in PT sessions
hip flexor strength must be at least 2/5 to advance limb forward
what are the hip joint options for HKFO?
free
variable ROM
flexion
extension
abduction
fixed/locked
off-set
who are THKAFOs for?
what are cons to this type?
patients who require more stability than HKAFO and KAFO
cons:
clunky, heavy, difficult to don
