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Shelter Basics (VCS 891 A) > (LC06) Canine Infectious Disease > Flashcards

(LC06) Canine Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Name the most significant Canine Infectious Diseases in a shelter environment.

A
  • Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex (CIRDC)
  • Canine Adenovirus
  • Canine Parvovirus
  • Canine Distemper Virus
  • Canine Influenza
  • Rabies
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2
Q

What is the technical term for Canine Infectious Disease Complex (CIRDC)?

A

Kennel Cough

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3
Q

Causative agent of Kennel Cough?

A

multiple varieties: viral, bacterial, or both

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4
Q

Viral aspects of Kennel Cough?

A

adenovirus, distemper, parainfluenza

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5
Q

Bacterial aspects of Kennel Cough?

A

Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma, Streptococcus equi, subsp. Zooepidemicus

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6
Q

How to diagnose Kennel Cough?

A

Varies by causative agent; canine PCR panel

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7
Q

Clinical signs of Kennel Cough?

A
  • nasal/ocular discharge
  • “honking” cough (tracheal palpation)
  • Bronchopneumponia can develop (severe)
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8
Q

Treatment of Kennel Cough?

A

Supportive with possible antibiotics

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9
Q

Prevention of Kennel Cough?

A
  • Vaccination on intake

- Facility (ventilation, low stress, adequate isolation)

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10
Q

Describe Adenovirus.

A

ds DNA virus; two types: Adenovirus 1 & 2

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11
Q

Transmission of Adenovirus?

A

aerosol droplets

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12
Q

Diagnosis of Adenovirus?

A

PCR–included on the Canine Respiratory PCR panel

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13
Q

Clinical signs of Adenovirus?

A

asymptomatic to severe

cough, tonsillitis, interstitial pneumonia

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14
Q

Treatment of Adenovirus?

A

supportive care

Isolate infected

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15
Q

Prevention of Adenovirus?

A

vaccinate on intake

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16
Q

Describe Parvovirus.

A

ss, non-enveloped DNA virus

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17
Q

Types of Parvovirus?

A

CPV1 & CPV2

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18
Q

Transmission of Parvovirus?

A

Direct: fecal-oral
Indirect: fomites
*feces contamination/contact

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19
Q

Who is most susceptible to Parvovirus?

A

6wks to 6 mos. puppies

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20
Q

Diagnosis of Parvovirus?

A
  • ELISA snap test (detects antigen in FECES)

- PCR (identifying subtypes)

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21
Q

Clinical signs of Parvovirus?

A 
-acute gastroenteritis
>lethargy
>inappetence
>nausea- vomiting
>diarrhea
  • Acute myocarditis in fetal puppies
  • Bone marrow supression
22
Q

Treatment of Parvovirus?

A

supportive care

IV or SQ fluids. antibiotics prevent secondary infections, antiemetics & gastroprotectants

23
Q

Prevention of Parvovirus?

A

Vaccinate on intake
Good hygiene
–the vaccination could cause weak false positive, but not strong false positive

24
Q

Describe Distemper.

A

enveloped RNA virus

25
Q

Transmission of Distemper?

A

Aerosol transmission

direct contact most common, but indirect via fomite possible

26
Q

Susceptibility of Distemper?

A

similar to parvo–3 to 6 mos. of age

coincides with a decline in maternal antibodies

27
Q

Incubation of Distemper?

A

1-4 wks. (could be longer)

28
Q

Diagnosis of Distemper?

A

PCR is primary

ELISA snap available but detects high antibody concentrations= false positives

29
Q

Clinical signs of Distemper?

A

Initial symptoms could include:

  • fever, lethargy, anorexia (typically unnoticed)
  • Could later have life-threatening disease (URI, GI, neurologic)
30
Q

What would you call the clinical signs of Distemper?

A

biphasic–has two phases

31
Q

Describe Canine Influenza.

A

enveloped RNA virus

32
Q

What are the strains of Canine Influenza?

A

H3N2

H3N8

33
Q

Transmission of Canine Influenza?

A

aerosol droplets

can be direct contact or indirect via fomites

34
Q

Diagnosis of Canine Influenza?

A

PCR or serology ELISA

35
Q

Clinical signs of Canine Influenza?

A

variable from none to severe

  • Asymptomatic (can still be infectious)
  • Peracute (very severe) disease can cause supprative (formation of) or hemorrhagic pneumonia (can be fatal)
36
Q

Treatment of Canine Influenza?

A

Rest, fluids, isolation

37
Q

Prevention of Canine Influenza?

A

Vaccination?
We have one, but it is not prevalent enough to necessarily warrant regular vaccination
-Targeted use of vaccination in the face of outbreaks

38
Q

Describe Rabies.

A

enveloped RNA virus of rhabdovirus family, Lyssavirus genus

39
Q

Transmission of Rabies?

A

direct contact between broken skin & infected saliva

  • often through bites
  • Disease can only be transmitted during active infection
40
Q

Incubation of Rabies?

A

weeks to months (years?)

41
Q

Diagnosis of Rabies?

A

no antemortem diagnostic tests

-Direct fluorescent antibody testing post- mortem

42
Q

Clinical signs of Rabies?

A

vary
Start non-specific but progress to neurologic
-fever, loss of appetite, itching bite site
-neurologic signs can be classified as furious or paralytic

43
Q

What are dogs more likely to face in regards to Rabies?

A

paralytic form

44
Q

What are cats more likely to face in regards to Rabies?

A

furious form

45
Q

What happens if your unvaccinated dog bites someone?

A

The victim can demand proof Rabies-free which means the dog will need to be euthanized & test—remember, there’s no antemortem tests!

46
Q

Treament for Rabies?

A

Non available (100% fatal)

47
Q

Prevention of Rabies?

A

Vaccination

  • typically at time of spay/neuter or adoption–NOT on intake
  • Rabies spread in shelter environment likelihood is low
48
Q

What provides the highest level of protection possible in shelter environments?

A

Vaccination

49
Q

What is most important in stopping spread in a shelter environment?

A

Isolation

-Shelters will need to weigh the manpower necessary for treatment as to whether they are able to take it on

50
Q

What is the best thing we can do for an animal in a shelter environment?

A

Longer the stay=more risk for developing infectious disease

Get them out asap!

Shelter Basics (VCS 891 A) (5 decks)

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