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Shelter Basics (VCS 891 A) > (LC01-03) History, Mission/Resources, Capacity for Care > Flashcards

(LC01-03) History, Mission/Resources, Capacity for Care Flashcards

1
Q

Who founded ASPCA?

A

Henry Bergh

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2
Q

Why was the ASPCA founded?

A

Henry Bergh was interested in the welfare of primarily beasts of burden

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3
Q

What are the ways in which ASPCA initially impacted animal welfare?

A
  • setup rescue derricks (rescue fallen oxen)
  • Development of clay pigeons
  • stop vivisection (operations on live animals for experimentation/science)
  • stop cockfighting
  • stop dog baiting

*Five Freedoms

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4
Q

How many states implemented animal welfare laws because of Henry Bergh?

A

37/39

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5
Q

What human aspect of welfare was impacted with stricter animal welfare laws?

A

Overlap between animal cruelty & domestic violence.

  • child welfare laws were found to be lax
  • humane care terminology used for both animals & human welfare
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6
Q

Who founded the first humane animal shelter?

A

Caroline Earle White

Note:
*Caroline was head of Women’s Group who “supported the shelter”, but she actually ran it under the guise of her husband since women couldn’t have leadership roles

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7
Q

How did the first humane animal shelter operate?

A
  • strays (unwanted dogs/cats)
  • nursed to health & adoption
  • only humane euthanasia
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8
Q

How did Animal Control function initially?

A
  • strays captured
  • 3 day hold & killed thereafter
  • no humane euthanasia
  • paid per dog (result: officers stole & people had to pay to obtain their animals back)
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9
Q

Why did Henry Bergh reject taking over Animal Control?

A

Conflict of interest

  • Animal Control protects people from animals
  • Animal Welfare protects animals from people
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10
Q

How did ASPCA impact Animal Control after Henry Bergh’s death?

A
  • took over AC
  • gave regular funding to prevent stealing
  • Model remained: collecting animals, 3 day hold, euthanasia
  • *Eventually ASPCA disassociated because it didn’t fit their mission
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11
Q

Describe the Social Movement of the 1970’s impact on animal shelters.

A
  • change policy of 3 day hold
  • increased re-homing
  • improve euthanasia
  • no funds=no improved medical care
  • vet community emergence (due to diseases in shelters)
  • first low cost spay/neuter
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12
Q

Describe the improvements of the 1980’s re: animal shelters.

A
  • value of spay/neuter- voucher programs
  • more adoption
  • more treatment incorporated
  • industry standardization
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13
Q

Describe the improvements of the 1990’s re: animal shelters.

A

-Purpose-built shelters (funded)
-No kill movement
(adopt out or rehab treatable)- minimize euthanasia
-spay/neuter impacts intake
-Increase adoption vs. backyard breeding

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14
Q

Describe the evolving role of veterinarians in shelters.

A

AC (Dog Pound):

  • no involvement
  • ACO have DEA for euthanasia

Basic Animal Shelter
-Voucher sys.
(only about 20% actually utilize–not effective)

Evolving Shelter

  • Pre-adoption spay/neuter req.
  • Treatments need vet

High Functioning Shelter

  • Treat disease
  • spay/neuters done prior
  • rehabilitate behavior
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15
Q

Name the Five Freedoms for Animal Welfare.

A

1) Freedom from hunger & thirst
2) Freedom from discomfort
3) Freedom from pain, injury, disease
4) Freedom to express normal behavior
5) Freedom from fear & distress

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16
Q

What types of welfare organizations are there?

A
  • Public shelter
  • private shelter
  • rescue group
  • foster network
  • sactuary/hospice
  • transport group
  • TNR organization

**no umbrella organization= little/no regulation

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17
Q

What is NACA?

A

standardization of AC

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18
Q

Describe Public shelters.

A
  • county/city
  • interest: protect public health
  • Primary service for animal cruelty/abuse
  • Enforce laws
  • May/may not allow surrender/adoption
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19
Q

Describe private shelters.

A
  • nonprofit= donation funding

- various names, not all connected (ex: Humane Society)

20
Q

What are some private, nonprofit shelter programs?

A
  • shelter
  • adoption
  • education
  • behavior
  • lc spay/neuter
  • lc vet care -wildlife rehab-release
  • food banks
  • animal cruelty investigation
21
Q

What are public-private nonprofit hybrids?

A
  • can have contract w/municipality to do services

- sometimes sheltering under a fee

22
Q

What is a throughput shelter?

A
  • caring for finite period of time (not permanent destination)
  • most common type
23
Q

Describe rescue-foster groups.

A
  • Usually home-based (foster)
  • No central facility
  • can be breed, disease, species specific
24
Q

Describe sanctuary/hospice.

A

end home, permanent

25
Q

Describe transport groups.

A

-short time -must meet 5 freedoms regardless -move from areas of excess to opportunity

26
Q

Describe TNR cat groups.

A
  • Trap, Neuter, Release
  • short term (24-72 hrs)
  • feral/not handle able- must provide 5 freedoms regardless (lower stress)
27
Q

What is always the same with shelters? What can be different?

A
  • structure/rules always same (5 freedoms)

- resources/mission vary

28
Q

Name the common shelter resources.

A

1) Financial/Money
2) Manpower/Time
3) Facility/Space

  • dictates what an animal shelter can do
  • most important is knowledge
29
Q

How can a low resource shelter can be high performing?

A
  • high performing shelter maximizes its resources

- low resource but utilizing everything available at peak potential= high performing

30
Q

Describe finances from a municipal standpoint vs. nonprofit.

A
  • Municipal- offer is for the year
  • Nonprofit- raised funds from previous year= budget

*Mission & Money available don’t always align (intake increase, budget decrease is possible)

31
Q

What is the best use of manpower/time?

A
  • no less than 15mins./animal/day (starting pt.)

- still need to invest in training volunteers–treat like employees

32
Q

What is the best use of facility/space?

A
  • most abused resource
  • every space does NOT need to be filled
  • 25% should be empty
  • need room, esp. to accommodate sick (isolation)
33
Q

Describe “no kill” intention.

A

the idea to not euthanize anything able to treat or rehab w/n resources
*not as transparent

34
Q

What does Animal Care Day equal?

A

1 day of housing
+1 days worth of care time
+1 days worth consumables
*care days not created equal

35
Q

What does Capacity equal?

A

total animal care days at any one time

36
Q

What determines how many care days you can operate at?

A

Capacity

37
Q

What is the difference between Capacity and Flow?

A 
Capacity= how many can be cared for at any one time
Flow= how many can be cared for over a period of time
38
Q

Describe Capacity.

A
  • Resource dependent
  • 15 min/animal minimum
  • 20-25% empty space is ideal for flow
39
Q

Describe Flow.

A
  • Maximize by decreasing length of stay

- Higher flow=more lives saved

40
Q

Describe Length of Stay.

A
  • number of animal care days from intake to outcome
  • varies by animal
  • ideal: stay is exact amt. needed for its particular outcome
41
Q

What is the shelter population management formula?

A

Intake (I) x Length of Stay (LoS) = Shelter Population (P)

42
Q

True or False?

“An empty kennel is a life not saved.”

A

FALSE

20-25% empty is ideal

43
Q

What are some immediate options to decrease population?

A

1) Adoption (need resources, effort, focus–over capacity won’t be successful)
2) Halt intake (municipals don’t have this luxury to decide)
3) Euthanasia (comes at cost to community support)

44
Q

What is the biggest tool available to shelters in decreasing population?

A

Length of Stay

45
Q

What does removing barriers mean?

A

*Make adoption more accessible

Barriers:

  • increase length of stay
  • stringent applications, fees don’t impact rates of returns or indicate good households
46
Q

What are some tools that can decrease length of stay?

A
  • Intake exams/daily rounds
  • fast track highly adoptable
  • remove barriers to adoption
  • timely S/N
  • lessen stress/illness
  • address bottlenecks
47
Q

What is an indicator a shelter has exceeded capacity for care?

A

unable to put more resources towards getting animals out of shelter than resources put toward keeping/bringing animals in

Shelter Basics (VCS 891 A) (5 decks)

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