LC 2.20 Flashcards
types of hormonal contraception
- combined hormonal
- progesterone only
- emergency hormonal contraception
mode of action for injectable contraception
- always inhibit ovulation
- suppress Lh and to a certain extent FSH
- contraceptive effects
effectiveness of onjectable contraception
- at least 99% effective
injectable contraception examples and procedure?
- depo-provera which is IM every 13 weeks
- sayana press Sc every 13 weeks
- Noristerat given every 8 weeks
- deep muscular injection
mode of action for contraceptive implant
- prevents ovulation as it suppresses LH
- altering cervical mucus
- preventing sperm penetration
- prevent implantation by suppression of endometrium
information of the contraceptive implant
- contains progesterone only
- radio-opaque
- inserted sub-dermally into the inner aspect of the upper arm
Mode of action for the Intrauterine system?
- prevents fertilisation
- alters cervical mucus function
- alters utero-tubal fluid - impairs sperm migration
- affects sperm motility and function
- progesterone will help with endometrial atrophy which prevents implantation
what is progesterone only pills
- contains no oestrogen
- contains a third of progesterone for the contraceptive only pill
mode of action for progesterone only pills
- affects the cervical mucus and endometrium and motility of the fallopian tubes
advantages of progesterone only methods
- very effective
- they are long acting reversible contraception
- very safe
- non-intercourse related
- women can control
- may relieve dysmenorrhoea
- may help with heavy menstruation
who are progesterone only methods suitable for?
- older women
- smokers
- diabetic patients
- hypertension
- migraine
disadvanatges of progesterone only methods
- menstrual disturbances
- progesterone side-effects which cause mood changes, headaches, worsening acne, breast tenderness
- functional ovarian cysts
- injectables cannot be removed
- surgical/ invasive procedures for implants and IUS
- weight gained with injectables
- delay to return to fertility with injectables
what is the mode of action for combined hormone pill and patch ring?
- prevent ovulation through suppression of gonadotrophins by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
- inhibits sperm transport by altering the cervical mucus
- endometrial growth is suppressed
- interferes with normal mobility and secretion of the fallopian tubes
- inhibits release of LH and FSH
- negative feedback on the pituitary
advanatges of combined hormonal methods?
- reliable and reversible
- under user control
- relives dysmenorrhoea
- improved cycle control
- reduce heavy menstrual bleeding
- improved acne
- reduces risk of benign breast disease
- reduces risk of fibroids and ovarian cysts
- protects against pelvic inflammatory disease
- treatment of endometriosis
disadvanatges of the combined hormonal methods?
- effectiveness depends on the correct usage
- may be increased incidence of hypertension, arterial and venous disease
- minor side effects
- no protection against STIs
how to use the combined hormonal patches
- weekly
- patch changed every 7 days for 21 days
- then 7 days without patches
advantages of combined hormonal patches
- good for people who cant remember to consume the pill
- not affected by gastrointestinal disturbances
what are the advantges of vaginal administration?
- gives a regular monthly bleed
- longer lasting
- avoids gastro-intestinal absorption
- lower hormonal dose as avoids first pass effect
- stable pharmacokinetics
- suitable in those with GI problems
what are emergency contraception used for?
- involves method that can be given in event of an unprotected intercourse
mode of action for emergency contraception
- prevention or delay in ovulation if given early enough in cycle
- LNG - taken prior to the LH surge
what is the mode of action for intrauterine copper devices
- prevent implantation by inducing changes in endometrium
