Lc 16

Question 1

What are two types of haemophilus species we are studying

Answer 1

H.influenza and H.ducreyi

Question 2

Characteristics of hemophillus spp.

Answer 2

Gram negative, coccobacilli or short rods
Facultative anaerobe
Non motile
Non spore

Question 3

Haemophilus is fastidious. What does fastidious mean?

Answer 3

Growing at specific nutritient agar (selective)

Question 4

What are some nutrients haemophilus need?

Answer 4

X factor - protoporphyrin IX
V factor- NAD (e transporter)

Question 5

Doe haemophilus ferment glucose or lactate?

Answer 5

Glucose

Question 6

How is H.Influenza differentiated?

Answer 6

Encapsulated - type B —> vaccine preventable(Hib)
-key virulence factor: polysaccaharide capsule
-BSI more common

Non- encapsulated - NTHI
—> nasopharyngeal colonizer
—> strain specific immunity

Question 7

How was using Hib Vaccine?

Answer 7

Very successful

Question 8

Where in our body get infected from H.influenzae disease?

Answer 8

URT contiguous sites

Blood stream infection (BSI)
- endocarditis, septic arthritis

Question 9

Pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection caused my haemophilus influenzae disease.what are the characteristics ?

Answer 9

Often insidious
Kids and older people get disease
Occur at 15% of disease before we get vaccination

Question 10

Hib vaccine works for type B H. Influenza. Is this true? If true, explain why.

Answer 10

Yes. Because Hib vaccine is for type H.influenzae type B.

Question 11

What are the H.influenzae virulence factors and their treatment?

Answer 11

Capsule(esp type B), Adhesins (protein E, type 5 pilus)

Amoxicillin or Amoxicillin-Calvulanate

Question 12

What is H.ducreyi and its characteristics?

Answer 12

Sexually transmitted diseases
Heterosexual transmission dominant(man higher rate)
Readily treated but no life long immunity

Question 13

Chancroid characteris and treatment

Answer 13

Multiple lesion
Grey/yellow exudate

Question 14

Important Bordetella species is
B.pertussis. Describe its characteristics.

Answer 14

Gram negative, coccobacilli
Regan-Lowe medium ( small shiny round colonies)
Strict aerobe
Encapsulated
Non spore former

Question 15

Describe Bordetella species morphology and cultivation

Answer 15

Fastidious
Oxidase positive

Question 16

There is an exception to Bordetella species.what is it?

Answer 16

B.bronchispetica is motile

Question 17

What is the reservoir of Bordetella species

Answer 17

Adults , adolescents, older children.
Disease in unimmunized or 6months old or younger who doesn’t have immune system.

Question 18

Clinical pertussis symptoms

Answer 18

Prolonged cough
Distinct whooping in infants
Lymphocytosis
Lower respiratory tract , large airway dz

Question 19

What are the adherence and virulence factors of Bordetella species?

Answer 19

Filamentous hemaglutinin(FHA)

Toxins ( adenylate cyclase toxin, pertussis toxin, tracheal cytotoxin

Question 20

Explain now pertussis toxin infects

Answer 20

Internalize —> disrupt G-protein coupled receptors—> disrupt cell signals

Question 21

What are some types of lab detection we can use for bordetella spp?

Answer 21

Culture, PCR, Serology

Question 22

How do we treat pertussis?

Answer 22

Use macrolides-
Erythromycin for infants. Weight based dosing, fixed dosing for adolescents and adults.

Use respiratory distress-
intubation and ventilation

Minimal utility-
Inhaled corticosteroids, anti-pertussis