Latin 1 Flashcards by Andrew Field

velut

even as, just as

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victōria -ae f.

victory

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videō vidēre vīdī vīsum

see

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vincō vincere vīcī victum

conquer

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vinculum -ī n.

bond, fetter, tie

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vīnum -ī n.

vine, wine

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vir virī m.

man

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virgō -inis f.

maiden, virgin, girl

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virtūs -ūtis f.

valor, manliness, virtue

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vīs f.

force; (acc.) vim, (abl.) vī; (pl.) vīrēs, strength

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vīta -ae f.

life

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vitium -ī n.

flaw, fault, crime

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vītō -āre

avoid, shun

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vīvō vīvere vīxī vīctum

live

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victor -ōris m.

conqueror

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vīcīnus -a -um

neighboring, near

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via -ae f.

way, street

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veniō venīre vēnī ventum

come

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ventus -ī m.

wind

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verbum -ī n.

word

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vērē

truly

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vereor verērī veritus sum

fear, stand in awe of

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vērō

in fact, certainly, without doubt

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vertō vertere vertī versum

turn

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vērus -a -um

TRUE

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vester vestra vestrum

your

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vestīgium -ī n.

footstep, footprint, track

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uxor uxōris f.

wife

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vetō -āre vetuī vetītum

forbid

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vetus veteris

old

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vix

scarcely

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vestis -is f.

garment, robe, clothing

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vōx vōcis f.

voice, utterance

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urbs urbis f.

city

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ūsque

up to; continuously

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ūsus -ūs m.

use, experience

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ut, utī

as (+ indic.); so that, with the result that (+ subj.); (in questions) in what manner, how; (exclam.) to what an extent! how!

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uterque utraque utrumque

each of two

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ūtilis -e

useful

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ūtor ūtī ūsus sum

use, consume, employ (+ abl.)

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utrum

whether; utrum … an: whether … or

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vulgō

commonly

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vulgus -ī n. and m.

the common people

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vulnus -eris n.

wound

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vultus -ūs m.

look, expression, face

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vōtum -ī n.

solemn promise, vow; hope

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vōs

you (pl.); (gen.) vestrum/vestrī, (dat./abl.) vōbīs, (acc.) vōs

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voluptās -ātis f.

pleasure, enjoyment

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ūllus -a -um

any, anyone

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ultimus -a -um

farthest, final, last, ultimate

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ultrā

beyond, further (adv. and prep. + acc.)

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umbra -ae f.

shade, shadow

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umquam

ever

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unda -ae f.

wave, flowing water, water

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unde

from where

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undique

from all sides, on all sides

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voluntās -ātis f.

wish, desire

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volucris -is f./m.

bird

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volucer -cris -cre

flying

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volō velle voluī

wish, be willing

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vocō -āre

call

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ūnus -a -um

one

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suus -a -um

his own, her own, its own

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sustineō sustinēre sustinuī sustentum

hold up, sustain

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suscipiō -cipere -cēpī ceptum

take up

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surgō surgere surrēxī surrēctum

rise

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suprā

above, beyond (adv. and prep. +acc.)

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superus -a -um

situated above, upper

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supersum -esse -fuī

remain, survive; be superfluous (to)

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superō -āre

overcome, surpass, defeat

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superī -ōrum m. pl.

those above, i.e. the gods

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taceō -ēre -uī -itum

be silent; tacitus -a -um, silent

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tālis tāle

such

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tam

so, so much

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tegō tegere tēxī tēctum

cover, conceal

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tēctum -ī n.

roof; building, house

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tardus -a -um

slow, sluggish, lingering

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tantus -a -um

so great, so much; (as pronoun) such a quantity, so much; tantī, at such a price, of such worth

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tantum, tantummodo

only

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tangō tangere tetigī tāctum

touch

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tandem

finally

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tamquam

so as, just as

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tamen

nevertheless, still

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superbus -a -um

overbearing, proud, haughty

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super

over (adv. and prep. +acc.)

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sūmō sūmere sūmpsī sūmptum

take up

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spīritus -ūs m.

breath, life, spirit

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spēs speī f.

hope

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spērō -āre

to hope

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spectō -āre

look at, consider

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speciēs -ēī f.

aspect, appearance

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spatium -ī n.

space

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spargō spargere sparsī sparsum

scatter

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sors sortis f.

lot, fate, destiny; oracle

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soror -ōris f.

sister

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statim

immediately

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statuō -ere -uī -ūtum

set up, determine

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sum esse fuī futūrum

be, exist; fut. infin. often = fore, impf. subj. often = forem for essem

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sui sibi sē/sēsē

him- her- itself, themselves

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subitō

suddenly, unexpectedly

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subeō -īre -iī -itum

go under; endure

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sub

under, close to (+acc. or abl.)

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studium -ī n.

eagerness, zeal

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studeō -ēre -uī

be eager, be zealous, care for (+ dat.)

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stō stāre stetī statum

stand

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stella -ae f.

star

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sonō sonāre sonuī sonitum

sound, resound

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supplicium -ī n.

punishment, penalty

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tuus -a -um

your

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tūtus -a -um

safe, protected

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turpis -e

ugly, unsightly; disgraceful

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turbō -āre

disturb, confuse

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turba -ae f.

crowd, uproar

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tum or tunc

then

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tū tuī tibi tē

you (sing.)

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trīstis -e

sad, solemn, grim

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tribūnus -ī m.

tribune, title of various Roman officials, as mīlitum, plēbis, aerāriī

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vacō vacāre

be empty, open, unoccupied

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vacuus -a -um

empty

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vagus -a -um

wandering, shifting

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vel

or else, or; even; vel … vel: either … or

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vehō vehere vēxī vectum

carry; vehor vehī vectus sum: travel, ride

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or (postpositive enclitic)

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ubi

where, when

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vātēs -is m.

poet, bard

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varius -a -um

changing, varied, various

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vanus -a -um

empty; false, deceitful

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validus -a -um

strong

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valeō valēre valuī

be strong, excel, be valid, prevail; valē: farewell!

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trēs tria

three

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trānseō -īre -iī -itum

go across

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trahō trahere trāxī trāctum

drag, draw

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temptō -āre

try, test

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tener -era -erum

tender

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teneō -ēre -uī tentum

hold, keep

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tenebrae -brārum f. pl.

darkness, the shadows

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tendō tendere tetendī tentum

stretch, extend, direct (one’s steps or course)

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tempus -oris n.

time

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templum -ī n.

consecrated ground; temple

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tempestas -tātis f.

period of time, season; bad weather, storm

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tēlum -ī n.

missile, weapon, spear

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tellus tellūris f.

earth

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tergum -ī n.

back, rear; ā tergō: from the rear

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terra -ae f.

land

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trādō -dere -didī -ditum

hand over, yield

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tōtus -a -um

whole, entire

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tot

so many

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tollō tollere sustulī sublātum

raise up, destroy

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terreō terrēre terruī territum

terrify, frighten

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timor -ōris m.

fear

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timeō -ēre -uī

to fear, to dread

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testis -is m.

witness

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tertius -a -um

third

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rīpa -ae f.

bank of a river

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rīdeō -ēre rīsī rīsum

laugh, laugh at

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rēx rēgis m.

king

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reus -ī m.

defendant

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revocō -āre

call back, recall

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revertō -vertere -vertī

turn back

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retineō -tinēre -tinuī -tentum

hold back, keep

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respondeō -spondēre -spondī -spōnsum

answer

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respicio -ere -spēxī -spectum

look back, regard, consider

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rēs reī f.

thing (rēs pūblica, commonwealth; rēs familiāris, family property, estate; rēs mīlitāris, art of war; rēs novae, revolution)

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repetō -petere -petīvī -petītum

demand, exact; revisit; call to mind, recollect; repeat

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rogō -āre

ask

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rumpō rumpere rūpī ruptum

break, rupture

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sanguis -inis m.

blood

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sānctus -a -um

sacred, inviolable

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salūs -ūtis f.

health, safety

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saevus -a -um

fierce, raging, wrathful

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saepe

often

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saeculum -ī n.

generation, age, century

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sacerdōs -dōtis m./f.

priest, priestess

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sacer sacra sacrum

holy, sacred

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rūs rūris n.

country

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rūrsus

back, again

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sānus -a -um

sound, sane

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reperiō -perīre -pperī -pertum

find, find out

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recēns -ntis

fresh, new

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recēdō -cēdere -cessī -cessum

step back, recoil, recede, withdraw

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ratiō -ōnis f.

method, plan, reason

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rārus -a -um

wide apart, loose, thin; rare, seldom

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rapiō rapere rapuī raptum

seize, tear away

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quotiēns

interr. how many times? how often? rel. as often as, whenever

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quoque

also, too

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quoniam

since, seeing that

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quondam

formerly, once

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quōmodo

in what way, how?

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recipiō -cipere -cēpī -ceptum

take back, receive; sē recipere, betake oneself, go

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rēctus -a -um

straight, direct

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reor rērī rātus sum

think, imagine, suppose, deem

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reliquus -a -um

remaining, rest

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relinquō -linquere -līquī -lictum

abandon

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regō regere rēxī rēctum

guide, rule

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rēgnum -ī n.

kingship, kingdom

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rēgius -a -um

kingly, royal

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regiō -ōnis f.

boundary, region

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referō referre rettulī relātum

bring back; report

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redeō -īre -iī -itum

go back, return

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reddō -dere -didī -ditum

return, give back

quisquis quidquid

whoever, whichever

quō

for which reason; to or in what place; to what end, for what purpose?

simul

at the same time

similis -e

like, similar

silva -ae f.

forest, grove

sīgnum -ī n.

sign, standard, mark

sīdus -eris n.

star, constellation

sīcut

just as

sīc

in this manner, thus; sīc … ut: in the same way as

sī

seu

whether; seu … seu: whether … or → sīve

servus -ī m.

slave

sine

without (+ abl.)

singulī -ae -a

one each

somnus -ī m.

sleep, slumber; (pl.) dreams

sōlus -a -um

only, alone

solvō solvere solvī solūtum

release, set sail

sōlum

only, merely

soleō -ēre -uī -itum

be accustomed

sōl sōlis m.

sun

socius -a -um

friendly, allied; socius -ī m.: partner, comrade

sīve

whether; sīve … sīve: whether … or → seu

sinus -ūs m.

fold of a garment; lap, bay, gulf

sinō sinere sīvī situm

allow, let go

servō -āre

save, watch over

serviō -īre

be a slave, serve (+ dat.)

sapiēns -ntis

wise; (as subst.) wise man, sage, philosopher

sēcūrus -a -um

free from care, tranquil; careless

secundus -a -um

following; favorable; (as numeral) second

scrībō scrībere scrīpsī scrīptum

write

sciō -īre -īvī/-iī -ītum

know

scīlicet

certainly, of course

scientia -ae f.

knowledge

scelus -eris n.

crime, sin

saxum -ī n.

rock, cliff, crag

satis, sat

enough, sufficient, sufficiently

sapientia -ae f.

wisdom

sed

but

sedeō sedēre sēdī sessum

sit

sermō -ōnis m.

conversation, discourse

sequor sequī secūtus sum

sepulcrum -ī n.

place of burial, tomb, grave

sentiō sentīre sēnsī sēnsum

perceive, feel, hear, see

sententia -ae f.

opinion, judgment

sēnsus -ūs m.

feeling, emotion, sense

senex -is m.

old man, elder; senior, older

senātus -ūs m.

senate

semper

always, ever

semel

once

sēdēs -is f.

seat, abode, habitation

prīncipium -ī n.

beginning

prīnceps -cipis

first, chief; (as subst.) leader, person in charge

prīmus -a -um

first

prīmum

at first, firstly

prex precis f.

prayers, entreaties

pretium -ī n.

price, worth, reward; pretium operae: a reward for trouble

premō premere pressī pressum

press, pursue, overwhelm

precor -ārī

pray, invoke

praetor -ōris m.

praetor, one of the chief Roman magistrates

prior prius

earlier, preceding

prīvātus -a -um

personal, private

prohibeō -ēre -uī -itum

restrain, keep away

proficīscor -ficīscī -fectus sum

set forth, go

proelium -ī n.

battle

prōdō prōdere prōdidī prōditum

publish, hand down; give over, betray

procul

at a distance

prōcēdō -cēdere -cessī -cessum

go forth, advance

probō -āre

approve, prove; convince one (dat.) of a thing (acc.)

prō

for, on behalf of, in proportion to (+abl.)

prius or priusquam

before

praetereā

besides, moreover

praeter

by, along, past; besides, except (+ acc.)

praestō -stāre -stitī -stitum

excel, exhibit

posterus -a -um

next, later

posteā

afterwards

post

after (adv. and prep. +acc.)

possum posse potuī

be able

pōscō pōscere popōscī

demand, claim; inquire into

portō -āre

carry a load

porta -ae f.

gate

populus -ī m.

people

postquam

after

potēns potentis

able, powerful

potestās -ātis f.

power

praesidium -ī n.

garrison, protection

praesēns -ntis

present, in person, ready

praemium -ī n.

bounty, reward

praeda -ae f.

booty, prey

praecipiō -cipere -cēpī -ceptum

anticipate, advise, warn

praeceptum -ī n.

rule, precept; command

praebeō -ēre -uī -itum

furnish, supply, render

potis -e

powerful, able

pontus -ī m.

the open sea, the deep

quisque quaeque quidque

each one, everyone

quemadmodum

in what manner, how

que

and (postpositive enclitic)

quattuor

four

quasi

as if

quārē

how? why?

quantus -a -um

(interr.) how great? (rel.) of what size, amount, etc. (as subst.) what amount? (rel.) which amount; quantī, at what price? (rel.) at which price

quantum

(adv.) how much? how greatly? how much! how greatly! as much as

quandō

when?; since; sī quandō: if ever

queror querī questus sum

complain of, lament

quī quae quod

who, which, what

quia

because

quis quid

who? what? which?

quisquam quicquam/quidquam

any (single) person, anyone at all

quīppe

(adv.) indeed, surely

quīn

(adv.) indeed, in fact; (conjunction) so that … not (+ subj.)

quiēscō quiēscere quiēvī quiētum

keep quiet; sleep

quidem

certainly, at least

quīdam quaedam quoddam

a certain one, someone

quīcumque quaecumque quodcumque

who-, whatever

quamvīs

however you like; although

quamquam

however, although

quam

how?; (after comparative) than

prōvincia -ae f.

province; official duty

prōtinus

at once, forthwith

prōsum prodesse profuī

be of use, do good, help (+ dat.)

propter

because of (+ acc.)

proprius -a -um

one’s own, peculiar

prōpōnō -pōnere -posuī -positum

put forth, propose, present

properō -āre

hasten, speed

prope

near, next; (comp.) propior, (superl.) proximus; (adv.) prope, nearly, almost

prōmittō -mittere -mīsī -missum

send forth, offer

pūblicus -a -um

public, belonging to the state

pudor pudōris m.

sense of shame, modesty, propriety

quālis -e

of what kind? what?

quaerō -rere -sīvī -sītum

seek, inquire

quā

where, how

putō -āre

think, suppose

pulcher -chra -chrum

beautiful

pugnō -āre

fight

pūgna -ae f.

fist-fight; battle

puer puerī m.

boy; slave

puella -ae f.

girl; girl-friend

onus oneris n.

load, burden

omnis -e

all, every, as a whole

ōlim

formerly, at that time

officium -ī n.

service, duty

offerō offerre obtulī oblātum

present, offer, expose

odium -ī n.

hatred

ōdī ōdisse

hate

oculus -ī m.

eye

occurrō -currere -cucurrī -cursum

run to meet; come into one’s mind

occupō -āre

seize, occupy; anticipate, do a thing first (+ infin.)

occīdō -cīdere -cīdī -cīsum

kill, cut down

opera -ae f.

labor, activity, work

oportet -ēre -uit

it is proper, right (+ acc. + infin.)

ōs ōris n.

mouth, face

ōrō -āre

pray

orior orīrī ortus sum

arise, begin

ōrdō -īnis m.

order, rank

orbis -is m.

circle; orbis terrārum: world

ōrātiō -ōnis f.

speech, address

opus operis n.

work

optō -āre

choose, select

ops opis f.

assistance, resources

oppidum -ī n.

town

os ossis n.

bone

against, on account of (+acc)

nōscō nōscere nōvī nōtum

learn, know

nōs nostrum/nostrī nōbīs nōs

nōndum

not yet

nōn

not

nōmen -inis n.

name

nōlō nōlle nōluī

be unwilling

noceō nocēre nocuī

harm

nōbilis -e

distinguished, noble; (as subst.) a nobleman or woman

nimius -a -um

too much, excessive

nimis or nimium

excessively

noster nostra nostrum

our

nōtus -a -um

well-known

nūntius -ī m.

messenger; news

nunc

now

numquam

never

numerus -ī m.

number, amount

nūmen -inis n.

divine will, deity

num

interrogative particle implying negative answer

nūllus -a -um

not any, no one

nūdus -a -um

naked, bare

nox noctis f.

night

novus -a -um

new

nihil, nīl

nothing; not at all

pōnō pōnere posuī positum

put, place; put aside

perveniō -venīre -vēnī -ventum

arrive, reach

pertineō -tinēre -tinuī

extend over, reach; refer to, pertain to, be the business of

perpetuus -a -um

unbroken, perpetual

permittō -mittere -mīsī -missum

yield, allow, permit

perīculum -ī n.

danger

pergō pergere perrēxī perrēctum

continue, proceed; awaken

pereō -īre -iī -itum

perish, be lost

perdō -dere -didī -ditum

destroy

per

through (+acc.)

pendō pendere pependī pēnsum

weigh, hang, suspend; pay

pēs pedis m.

foot

petō petere petīvī petītum

seek, aim at

pondus ponderis n.

weight

poēta -ae m.

poet

poena -ae f.

penalty, punishment

plērus- plēra- plērumque

the greater part, very many, most, the majority

plērumque

generally

plēnus -a -um

full

plēbs plēbis f.

the common people

placeō placēre placuī placitum

please

pius -a -um

dutiful, devoted, just, pious

pietās -tātis f.

sense of duty, devotion, esp. between parents and children

pellō pellere pepulī pulsum

strike, beat, push, drive

pecus -oris n.

cattle, sheep

pars partis f.

part

pariō parere peperī partum

bring forth, give birth to; accomplish

pāreō pārēre pāruī

obey

parēns -ntis m./f.

parent

parcō parcere pepercī parsum

spare, be sparing of (+ dat.)

parō -āre

prepare, acquire; parātus -a -um, ready

pār paris

equal

paene

almost

ōtium -ī n.

leisure

ostendō ostendere ostendī ostentum

show, hold out

parum

too little

parvus -a -um

small

pateō patēre patuī

lie open, extend; be evident or obvious

pecūnia -ae f.

money

pectus -oris n.

chest, breast

peccō -āre

commit a wrong, injure

pāx pācis f.

peace

pauper -eris

poor, lowly

paulō, paulum

to only a small extent, slightly, a little

paucī -ae -a

few, a few

patria -ae f.

fatherland, country

patior patī passus sum

permit, endure

pater patris m.

father, ancestor

modo

just, just now; modo … modo: now … now, at one moment … at another, sometimes … sometimes

mittō mittere mīsī missum

send, let go

miser misera miserum

wretched, pitiable

misceō miscēre miscuī mixtum

mix

mīror mīrārī mīrātus sum

wonder at, marvel at (+ acc.)

mīlle (pl.) mīlia

thousand

modus -ī m.

measure, manner, kind

moenia -ium n. pl.

walls, fortifications

mollis -e

soft, yielding, gentle

moneō monēre monuī monitum

warn, advise

mōns montis m.

mountain

mora -ae f.

delay, hindrance

morbus -ī m.

sickness, disease

morior morī mortuus sum

die

moror morārī morātus sum

delay

mīles -itis m.

soldier

meus -a -um

metus -ūs m.

fear, dread

maneō manēre mānsī mānsum

remain

manus -ūs f.

hand; band of men

mare -is n.

sea

marītus -ī m.

husband

māter mātris f.

mother

māteria -ae f.

material, subject matter; timber, lumber

medius -a -um

middle, central

membrum -ī n.

limb, member of the body

meminī meminisse

remember, recollect

memoria -ae f.

recollection, memory

mēns mentis f.

mind

mēnsa -ae f.

table

mereō merēre meruī meritum

deserve, merit; serve as a soldier

metuō metuere metuī

to fear, to dread

malus -a -um

bad, evil

mors mortis f.

death

nāvis -is f.

ship

ne (enclitic)

interrogative particle attached to the emphatic word in a question

nē

lest, that not

nec

and not, nor; nec … nec, neither … nor; → neque

necesse (indecl. adj.)

necessary

necessitās -tātis f.

necessity, need

nefās n. indecl.

impiety, wickedness

negō -āre

deny, refuse

negōtium -ī n.

business

nēmō

no one (gen. nūllīus, dat. nūllī, abl. nūllō or nūllā → nūllus -a -um)

nemus nemoris n.

grove, forest

neque

and not, nor; neque … neque, neither … nor; → nec

nesciō -scīre

not know, be ignorant

nisi, nī

if not, unless

nātus -ī m.

son

nātūra -ae f.

nature

nāscor nāscī nātus sum

be born

mortālis -e

liable to death, mortal; (as subst.) a mortal

mōs mōris m.

custom, habit; (pl.) character

moveō -ēre mōvī mōtum

move

mox

soon

multus -a -um

much, many; multō, by far

mulier -eris f.

woman

multitūdō -inis f.

multitude, number

mundus -a -um

clean, neat, elegant

mundus -ī m.

world, universe, heavens

mūnus mūneris n.

gift, offering; duty, obligation; (pl.) gladiatorial show

mūrus -ī m.

wall

mūtō -āre

change

nam or namque

for, indeed, really

narrō -āre

relate, recount

niger nigra nigrum

black

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