Late Adulthood Flashcards
According to Erikson, the main psychosocial conflict in late adulthood is:
a) Integrity vs. despair
b) Intimacy vs. isolation
c) Identity vs. role confusion
d) Generativity vs. stagnation
Answer: a) Integrity vs. despair
The concept of “integrity” in late adulthood involves:
a) A feeling of regret and missed opportunities
b) Satisfaction with one’s life and achievements
c) Desire to start new careers
d) Avoidance of social relationships
Answer: b) Satisfaction with one’s life and achievements
Cognitive abilities in late adulthood are most likely to decline in which area?
a) Verbal reasoning
b) Processing speed and memory recall
c) Vocabulary knowledge
d) Practical problem-solving skills
Answer: b) Processing speed and memory recall
Which of the following is a common physical change in late adulthood?
a) Improved immune response
b) Decrease in bone density and muscle mass
c) Increased energy levels
d) Enhanced visual acuity
Answer: b) Decrease in bone density and muscle mass
In late adulthood, the “socioemotional selectivity theory” suggests that older adults:
a) Prioritize work over social relationships
b) Focus on meaningful relationships and experiences
c) Seek new friendships to broaden their social network
d) Avoid relationships to maintain independence
Answer: b) Focus on meaningful relationships and experiences
Which cognitive ability is most likely to remain stable in late adulthood?
a) Processing speed
b) Working memory
c) Vocabulary and general knowledge
d) Complex multitasking
Answer: c) Vocabulary and general knowledge
The term “ageism” refers to:
a) The natural process of aging
b) Stereotyping and discrimination against individuals based on age
c) Physical decline in late adulthood
d) Psychological adaptation to aging
Answer: b) Stereotyping and discrimination against individuals based on age
Which of the following factors is associated with a positive aging experience?
a) Social isolation
b) Physical inactivity
c) Maintaining strong social connections
d) Avoiding any form of activity or challenge
Answer: c) Maintaining strong social connections
Late adulthood often brings a reevaluation of life priorities known as:
a) Midlife crisis
b) Life review
c) Identity exploration
d) Social disengagement
Answer: b) Life review
In late adulthood, a major focus is often on achieving a sense of:
a) Independence
b) Legacy and fulfillment
c) Novelty and risk-taking
d) Immediate gratification
Answer: b) Legacy and fulfillment
Which of the following best describes “selective optimization with compensation”?
a) Pursuing all life interests equally
b) Focusing on strengths and adapting to limitations with new strategies
c) Accepting all physical and cognitive decline without resistance
d) Avoiding any compensatory strategies for aging
Answer: b) Focusing on strengths and adapting to limitations with new strategies
Emotional well-being in late adulthood is often characterized by:
a) Increased stress and anxiety
b) Emotional stability and focus on positive experiences
c) Isolation and avoidance of social interactions
d) Declining levels of self-esteem
Answer: b) Emotional stability and focus on positive experiences
The “continuity theory” in late adulthood suggests that successful aging involves:
a) Avoiding all previous routines
b) Maintaining habits and preferences from earlier in life
c) Rejecting previous lifestyle choices
d) Completely changing one’s personality
Answer: b) Maintaining habits and preferences from earlier in life
What is the purpose of life review in late adulthood?
a) Regretting past decisions
b) Planning for future career advancements
c) Reflecting on life experiences to find meaning
d) Focusing only on negative aspects of life
Answer: c) Reflecting on life experiences to find meaning
In late adulthood, depression is more likely if an individual:
a) Has a supportive social network
b) Maintains regular physical activity
c) Experiences significant physical decline and isolation
d) Engages in frequent social activities
Answer: c) Experiences significant physical decline and isolation
Which of the following is a risk factor for cognitive decline in late adulthood?
a) High levels of education
b) Regular mental stimulation
c) Physical inactivity and social isolation
d) Engaging in community activities
Answer: c) Physical inactivity and social isolation
Late adulthood is often accompanied by which type of loss?
a) Only physical loss
b) Losses in physical, social, and sometimes cognitive abilities
c) Exclusively financial loss
d) Gain in physical abilities
Answer: b) Losses in physical, social, and sometimes cognitive abilities
Which strategy is associated with reducing the impact of cognitive aging?
a) Relying solely on medications
b) Engaging in regular mental and physical activities
c) Avoiding all challenging tasks
d) Focusing only on familiar routines
Answer: b) Engaging in regular mental and physical activities
In late adulthood, spirituality and religious involvement often:
a) Decrease as individuals focus on material concerns
b) Increase, contributing to a sense of peace and purpose
c) Have no impact on psychological well-being
d) Become irrelevant to most individuals
Answer: b) Increase, contributing to a sense of peace and purpose
In late adulthood, which of the following describes the most common attitude towards death?
a) Complete denial of mortality
b) Acceptance, with a focus on finding meaning and closure
c) Fear that prevents any life planning
d) Obsession with prolonging life at all costs
Answer: b) Acceptance, with a focus on finding meaning and closure
Which of the following is a common cognitive change in late adulthood?
a) Enhanced memory recall
b) Slower processing speeds and decreased working memory
c) Rapid improvement in abstract reasoning
d) Increased focus on future-oriented goals
Answer: b) Slower processing speeds and decreased working memory
Which of the following often increases in importance for individuals in late adulthood?
a) Financial achievement
b) Personal relationships and emotional bonds
c) Career growth
d) Long-term physical endurance
Answer: b) Personal relationships and emotional bonds
Individuals in late adulthood who focus on generativity are likely to:
a) Withdraw from social activities
b) Continue contributing to family and community
c) Rely solely on younger generations for care
d) Experience high levels of despair
Answer: b) Continue contributing to family and community
Which of the following is a predictor of high life satisfaction in late adulthood?
a) Complete independence from family and friends
b) Having strong social support and a sense of purpose
c) Frequent changes in residence
d) Avoiding any form of work or activity
Answer: b) Having strong social support and a sense of purpose
