lastujfjafjflesson5 Flashcards
He said that the human mind at birth is nothing but a blank slate, ot tabula rasa.
As a child grows, various experiences imprint knowledge on his or her mind.
Did not believe that the human mind has innate conceptions
JOHN LOCKE
Sociologist
has proposed a synthesized view of socialization which considers how factors such as free will, human autonomy, and social structures and processes influence socialization.
believes that socialization is a two-way process between the individual and the larger groups in society such as social organizations and institutions.
William Wentworth
Refers to the lifelong process of social interaction through which people acquire their identities and necessary survival skills in society.
It prepares new members of society and trains them to think, feel, and act in appropriate ways.
SOCIALIZATION
Refers to the particular circumstances of a society and consists of its culture,language,and the social structures that define social class,ethnicity,and gender.
SOCIAL CONTEXT
refers to the ideas, behavior,
beliefs, and other information that are passed on by members of society to the individual
CONTENT
refers to the methods of interaction that enable the content to be given to the person undergoing socialization.
Process
It refers to the outcomes of socialization, and are evident when individuals begin to practice the behaviors, attitudes, and values that society considers necessary for them to function effectively as its members.
RESULT
which refers to the establishment of a unique sense of identity and an awareness of how it relates to their society and the world.
Self - Identity
what is the view of anthropologist about socialization
Anthropologists consider socialisation to be the process of familiarity by witnessing and interacting with family, friends, instructors, and other members of society, people absorb cultural symbols, norms, values, and language through enculturation. Enculturation is the process of becoming socialized into a specific culture.
Important processes are the Social Groups.
Participants or agents of socialization and enculturation
It consist of person, groups, and institutions
Prominent Agent of socialization include the
It is the primary agent of socialization of an individual upon birth, throughout infancy, and up to childhood.
Parents and other family members are essential for the early care and development of the child.
Family
teach students important values like competitiveness, cooperation, conformity, innovation, punctuality, orderliness, and respect for authority.
Classification of schools are public schools, private schools, technical vocational schools, and alternative schools.
School
also reinforce acceptable behaviours introduced by the family and school, allow a certain degree of independence from family and certain figures of authority, and are also a means for socialization and involvement in social and political issues.
Peer groups
Encourage organisations to foster camaraderie and a sense of unity and purpose.
Democratic States
use peer groups to reshape attitudes and beliefs, and compel citizens to subscribe to their views and agendas.
Authoritarian Governments
includes forms of communication such as books, magazines, newspaper, other print materials, radio, television, and movies
is a powerful agent of socialization which is widely used by many institutions and organizations involved in the use of print and electronic communication.
Mass media
utilized this strategy when its Communist Party organized clubs and civic associations to further the communist cause.
Former Soviet Union
media was characterized as a ________, meaning it lacks direct, face-to-face interaction between the sender and receiver.
nonproximate agent of socialization
exerts a great influence on the views of a person, legitimizes accepted social practices, provides stability to society, and can even be sources of social change.
Religion
participates in socialization through laws and other regulations that reinforce appropriate behavior, and help form values and attitudes of the citizens
The state
be significant socializing forces for an entire generation
Historical events however tend to affect individuals and societies differently. just as family members may have varied political and religious views individuals may consider and react to events in different ways
Social and Historical Events
Refers to the process of altering one’s thoughts and actions to adapt to the accepted behaviour within his or her group or society.
CONFORMITY
Refers to the outward conformity to social pressure but privately disagreeing with it.
Often motivated by the desire to gain rewards or avoid punishment
Compliance
Refers to the individual adopting a certain behaviour because it enables him or her to have a satisfying relationship with the members of his or her group/
Adopts opinions and values of the group, and may strive to emulate an authority figure - usually a parent or leader that he or she respects or admires.
Identification
is defined as a behaviour that elicits a strong negative reaction from group members and involves actions that violate commonly held social norms.
Biological and psychological theories consider deviance as being influenced by biological factors such as genetics, but these views have been largely discredited.
DEVIANCE
Define as any systematic means and practices to maintain norms, rules, and laws; regulate conflict; and discourage deviant behaviour.
SOCIAL CONTROL
Most common means of social control and are often employed to address conflicts and violations of social norms.
It can be formal or informal.
Sanctions
those provided for by laws and other regulations in society.
Formal Sanctions
most commonly imposed by smaller societies, communities, or groups.
There are no set laws or regulations that define the nature of these sanctions, and these are often arbitrarily agreed upon by members of the group or society
Informal Sanctions
refers to the idea that a person has the innate right to be valued, respected, and treated well.
HUMAN DIGNITY
Are founded on natural rights, which are universal and inalienable, and are not contingent on laws, customs, beliefs, or values of a particular culture.
HUMAN RIGHTS
