last minute before mooscles test

Question 1

describe skeletal muscle

Answer 1

MANY nuclei, long cylindrical, voluntary, contract rapidly and tire easily, STRIATIONS

Question 2

smooth muscles

Answer 2

no striations, involuntary, spindle shaped, ONE NUCLEUS, slow and sustained contraction

Question 3

cardiac muscle

Answer 3

striations, involuntary, spiral bundles

Question 4

functions of the muscular system

Answer 4

movement
posture
stabilize (tendons)
generate heat

Question 5

what does Na+ do

Answer 5

starts muscle contraction flows into cell

Question 6

what does K+ do

Answer 6

flows out of cell

Question 7

Ca+

Answer 7

allows 2 parts to bind together

Question 8

sarcolemma (HUSK)

Answer 8

plasma membrane of muscle cell

Question 9

myofibril

Answer 9

organelle responsible for contraction and relaxation

Question 10

Z-disk

Answer 10

dark part of I band

Question 11

H zone

Answer 11

light part of I band

Question 12

is Myosin a thick or thin filament?

Answer 12

THICK

Question 13

is Actin a thick or thin filament?

Answer 13

thinny

Question 14

process of muscle contraction:

Answer 14

sarcomeres shorten muscle (sliding filament mechanism)

actin and myosin filaments slide past one another

heads on myosin attach actin filaments

attach and detach, fueled by ATP

occurs in all sarcomeres in cell so muscle contracts

Question 15

ATP generation

Answer 15

creatine transfers a phosphate group to ATP

aerobic respiration breaks down glucose for ATP at first

lactic acid formation then breaks down glucose for anaerobic

Question 16

muscle fatigue

Answer 16

happens due to a lack of oxygen

Question 17

flexion?

Answer 17

decreases angle between two bones

Question 18

extension?

Answer 18

increases angle of joint

Question 19

rotation?

Answer 19

round and round, baby!

Question 20

abduction (think of actual abduction!)

Answer 20

moving away from midline of body

Question 21

adduction

Answer 21

moving towards midline of body

Question 22

what does circumduction combine

Answer 22

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction.

Question 23

endurance exercise leads to what?

Answer 23

stronger, more flexibility, less fatigued, increased blood supply, more mitochondria, NOT A BIG INCREASE IN MUSCLE SIZE

Question 23

resistance exercise?

Answer 23

muscle strength, size of muscle cells increase, more connective tissue.

Question 24

how many joints do muscles cross

Answer 24

one! at lease

Question 25

describe 2 attachments of muscelrs

Answer 25

origin (less mobile), to insertion (movable)

Question 26

during contraction, INSERTION MOVES WHERE?

Answer 26

towards origin