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Question 1

Drugs causing drug-induced lupus?

Answer 1

Procainimide, hydralazine, sulfasalazine, AEDs, minocycline, infliximab, penicillamine. Drug induced is evenly split between sexes and predominantly affects white people, aged 50-70. Acronym for drugs is HIPPP: hydralazine, isoniazis, phenytoin, penicillamine, procainimide.

Question 2

Differentiating LES, DM/PM?

Answer 2

PM only affects striated muscles (therefore not bulbar and respiratory). DM affects all muscles and skin. LES has no changes on biopsy; diagnose on EMG. DM = F:M 1:1; PM ; F>M. PM = CD8; DM = CD4 and complement.

Question 3

AI drugs in pregnancy?

Answer 3

Hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, sulfasalazine okay. Methotrexate, mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide and leflunomide bad.

Question 4

AI hepatitis?

Answer 4

Minocycline and nitrofurantoin

Question 5

Hallmarks of acute rejection?

Answer 5

Infiltration of the parenchyma by immune cells such as T-cells, plasma cells and neutrophils. Chronic is vascular fibrosis. Hyper acute is humoral.

Question 6

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome?

Answer 6

Triad of eczema, thromboycytopenia and recurrent infection. Look for WAS protein.