Laser, SWD, HBO, EMG Flashcards
What is an HBO?
hyperbaric oxygen chamber
used to increase oxygen in blood plasma which makes it more readily available for wound healing
What is purpose of HBO?
increases oxygen gradient, may reduce bacterial growth as more O2 radicals are present
enchances all phases of proliferation, may reduce edema by bringing interstitial fluid out
more O2 delivery to tissue, improve antibiotic uptake
What are indications for HBO?
gas gangrene, peripheral ischemia, crush injury or skin graft, DM wagner 3,4,5, OM, thermal burns
Contraindications?
pneumothorax, COPD, claustrophobia, pregancy, severe arterial insufficnecy,current chemo
What is method for HBO?
patient in chamber at 1.5-2.5 ATM
tx time: 90-120 mins
frequency: 2x/day- 3/xweek
tx length- 10-60 sessions
When will health team know if working?
if 50% decrease of would isnt noted after 10 sessions likely not going to respond to rx
What does laser stand for?
light amplification by stimulated emissions of radiation
What is laser thrapy?
no heating of tissue is cold laser like LLLT, basically non thermal effects of US x 10
How does laser work?
photobiomodulation: use of light to modify biological processes
cell absorbs photon produce by laser and turns it into ATP which increases protein synthesis in mitochondria
What are three characteristics a laser must have?
- coherent
- monochromatic
- collimated
What does it mean for a laser to be coherent?
light waves are closely packed uniform lines
What does it mean for laser to be collimated?
all waves are parallel
How can tissues affect tissue repaid and wound healing?
cell repair through increased ATP, increased RNA that is pro-collagen
increased O2 and cell proliferation
How can laser help with vasodialation?
increased vasodialtion which will decrease ischemia and promote perfusion, decreased prostaglandin , decreased neutrophil migration
How can laser help with pain?
increased endorphins, decrease bradykinin, supresses c fiber afferents, decrease sensory and motor nerve conduction
What tyoe of laser do PT normally use?
class 3B, medium power level, less than 500 mW power
ex: LLLT
Roughly how deep will a laser light go?
5 cm deep
What are contraindications?
direct eye exposure, pregnancy, cancer, active bleeding (menstration or blood thinners), open growth plates
What are other precautions?
decreased sensation, recent steriod injection (will spread injection and we want it localized), photosensitivity meds
What are 4 key parameters to determine dosage and penetration?
wavelength- bigger the deeper
energy- j/cm2
power (mW)
continuous or pulsed
What power settings are needed for different tissue depth?
100 mw for superficial less than 1 cm
200 for medium 1-2 cm
300 mW for deeper greater than 2 cm
What are indications for LLLT?
wound healing, epicondylitis, fibromyalgia, carpal tunnel, neck pain, TMJ, LBP, shoulder pain
What is short wave diathermy?
produces deep heating 3-5 cm via conversion of electromagnetic energy into thermal energy
How does it work physiologically?
passes through tissue to cause molecular vibration which results in deep heating and superficial heating
