Larynx (2)

Question 1

What two muscles are extrinsic larynx muscles

Answer 1

• infrahyoid (decrease larynx)

- suprahyoid (elevate larynx)

Question 2

Intrinsic larynx muscles love the laryngeal part by

Answer 2

• alter length & tension of vocal cords & size & shape of rima glottidis

Question 3

Muscles attaching to laryngeal inlet

Answer 3

• transverse arytenoid (adduct arytenoid)
• oblique arytenoid (adduct arytenoid)
• aryepiglottic (close epiglottis)
• thyroepiglottic (close epiglottis)

Question 4

Muscles attaching to muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

Answer 4

• lateral cricoarytenoid (adducts true vocal folds - closes rima glottidis)
• posterior cricoarytenoid (abducts true vocal folds - opens rima glottidis)

Question 5

Muscles acting upon the vocal folds

Answer 5

• cricothyroid (rocks thyroid cartilage anteriorly/inferiorly (adducting vocal folds)- external laryngeal n innervation)
• thyroarytenoid (constricts vestibule & glottis - shortens vocal cords (relaxes))
• vocalis (medial most muscle of thyroarytenoid muscle)

Question 6

Normal respiration muscles

Answer 6

• arytenoids adducted

- vocal processes abducted

Question 7

Whispering muscles

Answer 7

• arytenoids abducted

- vocal processes adducted

Question 8

Phonation muscles

Answer 8

• arytenoids adducted

- vocal processes adducted

Question 9

Forced respiration muscles

Answer 9

• arytenoids abducted

- vocal processes abducted

Question 10

What supplies the larynx

Answer 10

• superior laryngeal artery (branch of superior thyroid)

- inferior laryngeal artery (branch of inferior thyroid artery)

Question 11

Nerve supply to the larynx

Answer 11

• vagus nerve
• superior laryngeal nerve (sensory: vocal cord & autonomic: cough reflex)
• external laryngeal nerve (motor to cricothyroid muscle)

Question 12

Inferior laryngeal nerve is a continuation of the

Answer 12

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 13

Inferior laryngeal nerve: posterior vs. anterior

Answer 13

Anterior: lateral cricothyroid, thyoarytenoid, vocalis, aryepiglottic & thyroepiglottic muscles
Posterior: posterior cricoarytenoid & transverse & oblique arytenoid muscles

Question 14

Injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 14

Cannot speak well due to the inability to abduct vocal cords

Question 15

Bilateral injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 15

Stridor - high pitched, noisy respiration, often accompanied by anxiety

Question 16

Apical tumor of the lung can damage _________; what symptoms

Answer 16

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (clinical pearl)

- hoarse voice, horner’s syndrome, shoulder pain, neck pain

Question 17

Disease of vocal ligaments

Answer 17

Cancer: mouth
Nodules: raspy hoarse voice