Larry Gouge Flashcards
Fuel System
110 gallons total
108 gallons usable
able to crossfeed in level flight
combustible engine
Electrical system
battery - 12 volt 35 amp
Alternator - 14 volt 70 amp
attached to accessory case - engine driven
what are some systems powered by the electrical system
radios, lights, GPS, gear
can one alternator support the whole system
yes
how would you detect alternator failure
light or amp meter
what happens to the gear in an electrical system failure
manual extension - can not retract
How does the gear work
electrically activated
hydralically actuated
gear held up with hydraulic pressure
gear held down by springs and down lock hooks
how do you ensure the gear is down if the electricity fails
mirror
ask atc
use caution with this act can not guarantee anything and the mirror is for only nose wheel
propellers
counter rotating
hydraulically actuated
fully feathering
what do our counter rotating props mean to our plane
no critical engine - yay
what are the important marks on our airspeed indicator
Vmc - red line
Vyse - blue line
VNE - red block section
flaps range - white section
Vso
55
bottom of white line
Vmc
56
bottom red line
VS1
57
bottom of green arc
Vx
82
Vy
88
blue line
VSSE
82
VXSE
82
VYSE
88
blue line
Va
112 - 135
VFE
111
white line
VLE
140
VLO
109
VNO
169
top of green arc/ bottom of yellow
VNE
202
red line
what is the first indication of an engine failure
yaw and bank towards inop engine
what are the secondary indications of an engine failure
RPM drop
manifold pressure drop
alternator failure
what are the memory items for an engine failure
maintain directional control
mixture - full forward
propellers - full forward
throttles - full forward
flaps - up
gear - up
inop engine - verify/ identify - throttle idle
if not enough time to try a restart
inoperative propeller feather
inoperative mixture cut off
establish 2-3 degree bank
climb airspeed - 88 knots
establish zero side slip
when will you secure your engine and when will you troubleshoot
if you have time to trouble shoot and there is no reason that you can physically see that it has failed (oil or fuel spilling out of the engine)
going to secure short final or on takeoff and remaining in the pattern
how much power do you lose when an engine quits
50%
How much climb performance do you lose when an engine quits
84%
what is the best single engine climb rate
use chart
what is the best two engine climb rate
use chart
during what phase of flight is a failure easiest to detect
takeoff
high power = max thrust
during what phase of flight is a failure hardest to detect
Landing
low power = less thrust
what is the definition of Vmc
the speed below which an aircraft control cannot be maintained of the critical engine fails (an engine)
what is the Seminoles Vmc
56
What is a critical engine
The engine whose failure most adversely affects the aircraft
(the one with the shortest moment arm thus requiring less resisting force to maintain directional control)
Why do we care about Vmc Items
the lower the Vmc the safer the aircraft is.
So if our Vmc is going to be higher than normal we need to know so that we stay well above our Vmc and do not lose directional control
What are the 12 Vmc items
Engine
max takeoff power
sea level
critical engine inop
critical engine windmilling
Configuration
trim for takeoff
cowl for takeoff
flaps for takeoff
gear retracted
Airframe
most unfavorable CG
bank 5 towards op engine
max weight
ground effect
what does our critical engine inoperative do to our Vmc !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
if it is inoperative - increase due to longer rudder arm
what does our critical engine windmilling do to our Vmc !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
windmilling adds drag - creates more yaw to op engine - feathering will decrease drag - lowering Vmc
what does exceeding 5 bank toward op engine do to our Vmc
banking into op engine creates horizontal component of lift - making Vmc much lower
what does landing gear retracted do to our Vmc
gear extended gives more directional control - keel effect (like a boat) - reduce yawing - reducing Vmc
what does flaps in takeoff position do to our Vmc
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
what does most unfavorable CG do to our Vmc
more forward CG means arm is greater giving more control over rudder and more effect - lowering Vmc
what does cowl flaps in takeoff position do to our Vmc !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
what does gross weight do to our Vmc
weight increases - horizontal component of lift needed increases - Vmc increases
what does ground effect do to our Vmc !!!!!!!!!!!!!
what does max power do to our Vmc
adding power raises Vmc because more power on one engine than the other increases adverse yaw - after we are stable with our engine we will take out some power and our Vmc will lower
what does sea level do to our Vmc
increase in altitude - decrease in air density - reduced engine performance and prop efficiency - decreases adverse yaw effect - decreases Vmc
what does trimmed for takeoff do to our Vmc !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
