Large intestine dz: Large colon

Question 1

2 main types of large colon obstruction

Answer 1

1. simple
2. strangulating

Question 2

2 types of simple obstruction

Answer 2

1. luminal obstruction
2. extraluminal obstruction

Question 3

4 examples of luminal obstruction

Answer 3

– Feed impaction
– Sand impaction
– Enterolithiasis
– Foreign body

Question 4

1 example of extraluminal obstruction

Answer 4

– Left Dorsal Displacement

Question 5

2 examples of strangulating obstruction

Answer 5

• Large colon volvulus
• Colo-colonic intussusception

Question 6

– Accumulation of ingesta
within the lumen of
large colon

Answer 6

Large Colon Impaction

Question 7

2 locations of Large Colon Impaction

Answer 7

– Pelvic flexure
– Transverse colon

Question 8

what dz:
* Palpable doughy/ firm mass in the LVC, PF, LDC during rectal exam

Answer 8

Large Colon Impaction

Question 9

3 complications of large colon impaction

Answer 9

– Recurrent colic (33%)
– Thrombophlebitis (22%)
– Diarrhea (18%)

Question 10

overall prognosis of large colon impaction

Answer 10

good

Question 11

– Accumulation of sand in large colon

Answer 11

Sand Impaction

Question 12

sand impaction is often in what part of the colon

Answer 12

RDC & TC

Question 13

what dz:
may hear sand pouring

Answer 13

sand impaction

Question 14

DSS must not be given in horses with this disease

Answer 14

sand impaction

Question 15

prognosis of sand impaction if the colon ruptures

Answer 15

poor

Question 16

prognosis of sand impaction in most cases

Answer 16

good

Question 17

– Formation of mineral
concretion(s) in large
colon

Answer 17

Enterolithiasis

Question 18

in cases of enterolithiasis, Signs can resolve if stone ____

Answer 18

moves

Question 19

stones are removed via what surgery

Answer 19

enterotomy

Question 20

general prognosis of enterolithiasis

Answer 20

good

Question 21

3 types of large colon displacement

Answer 21

– Right dorsal displacement
– Left dorsal displacement/ Nephrosplenic entrapment
– Pelvic flexure retroflexion

Question 22

prognosis of left dorsal displacement with appropriate nonsurgical treatment or timely surgical
intervention

Answer 22

good

Question 23

left and right dorsal displacement have a recurrence rate of ____

Answer 23

5%-10%

Question 24

– Colon moves into a
position between cecum
and right body wall

Answer 24

Right Dorsal Displacement

Question 25

rectal exam:
- Taut bands coursing toward nephrosplenic
space

Answer 25

Left Dorsal Displacement

Question 26

rectal exam:
* Taut bands coursing horizontally or
diagonally across abdomen

Answer 26

Right Dorsal Displacement

Question 27

– Rotation of the LC around
longitudinal axis

Answer 27

Large Colon Volvulus

Question 28

Degree of rotation: greater than or equal to 270

Answer 28

strangulating

Question 29

Degree of rotation: < 270

Answer 29

nonstrangulating

Question 30

Accounts for 7 - 40% of
horses requiring surgical
exploration for colic

Answer 30

Large Colon Volvulus

Question 31

predisposed: – Older broodmare (less than or equal to 100 days of parturition)

Answer 31

Large Colon Volvulus

Question 32

T/F: Large Colon Volvulus is common in young horses/ foals

Answer 32

F

Question 33

what dz exhibits stress leukogram in ancillary diagnostics

Answer 33

Large Colon Volvulus

Question 34

what dz:
* Intraoperative medical
treatment
– Heparin
– DMSO
– Polymyxin B
– Hyperimmune serum

Answer 34

Large Colon Volvulus

Question 35

prognosis of Large Colon Volvulus

Answer 35

guarded to poor

Question 36

% mortality of Large Colon Volvulus

Answer 36

60% - 80% mortality