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Parasitology > Large Animal Ascarids (Roundworms) > Flashcards

Large Animal Ascarids (Roundworms) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most important parasite species of foals

A

parascaris spp

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2
Q

what are the 2 spp of Parascaris that are common in the horse

A

P. equorum
P. univalens

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3
Q

how does the infection of Parascaris equorum in foals occur

A

ingestion of infective eggs

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4
Q

how is Parascaris spp mainly spread through a farm

A

foal to foal

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5
Q

true or false
migration of Parascarid spp to the liver have major clinical importance

A

false
there is no clinical significance

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6
Q

when would you expect to see clinical signs due to an infection in a foal of parascaris

A

with heavy infection

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7
Q

what are the clinical signs of a heavy infection of Parascarids spp

A

pulmonary edema
pneumonia, dyspnea – vermnous pneumonia

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8
Q

in what equine industry is there often frequent treatments to minimize infections

A

thoroughbred industry – save lungs for racing

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9
Q

what are the results of large amounts of Parascaris spp in the intestines of horses

A

impair gut motility
heavy infections kill foals
intussusception/impaction / SI rupture

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10
Q

true or false:
ivermectin / moxidectin are the best choice for treating Parascaris

A

false
there is a prevalence to resistance

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11
Q

what are the effective treatment drugs of Parascaris

A

Benzimidazoles (TOC) or pyrantel

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12
Q

why are benzimidazoles a better choice of drug to treat parascarids spp

A

slower kill and does not paralyze worms (lowers load without causing impaction)

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13
Q

what worm is responsible for pinworm

A

Oxyuris equi

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14
Q

where does Oxyuris equi reside

A

distal large intestine

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15
Q

true or false:
the horse is the only domestic animal with a pinworm

A

true

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16
Q

what gives the eggs of O. equi the ability to be transmitted

A

sticky outside shell

17
Q

what is the major problem to pinworm

A

intense perianal pruritus

18
Q

true or false:
Oxyuris equi can be easily diagnoses with a fecal float

A

false - scotch tape test is used

19
Q

true or false:
Oxyuris equi has a resistance to ivermectin and moxidectin

A

true

20
Q

what is used to treat pinworm

A

benzimidazoles or pyrantel

21
Q

what is the most important helminth of swine

A

ascaris suum

22
Q

what is the route of infection with A. suum

A

ingestion

23
Q

what are the clinical signs of A. suum

A

pneumonia
ill thrift
pot-belly
diarrhea

24
Q

what ascarid affects cattle, bison and buffalo but not sheep or goats

A

Toxocara vitulorum

25
Q

what is the main transmission method of T. vitulorum

A

transmammary

26
Q

in what age of cattle is T. vitulorum mainly seen

A

young calves

27
Q

how is T. vitulorum typically diagnosed

A

ascarid eggs in feces

28
Q

what roundworm is common in turkeys

A

A. dissmilis

29
Q

what are the most common parasites to be present on majority of poultry farms

A

ascaridia

30
Q

what is the main problem with Ascaridia on poultry farms

A

hardiness of eggs leads to year-round infections

31
Q

true or false:
most infections of ascaridia spp on a poultry farm only produce subclinical production loss

A

true

32
Q

what are the clinical signs of a Ascaridia spp infection of a bird

A

lethargy
intestinal block
diarrhea
death

33
Q

what is the only FDA approved treatment for Ascaridia spp

A

fenbendazole

34
Q

true or false:
there appears to be some drug resistance when it comes to ascaridia

A

true

35
Q

what worm is found in the cecum of poultry usually causing no direct pathology

A

Heterakis gallinarum

36
Q

true or false:
H. gallinarum is the most important vector of Histomonas meleagridis

A

true

37
Q

what can H. gallinarum lead to (disease)

A

blackhead disease

38
Q

true or false:
you can get a definitive diagnosis of histomoniasis by fecal float

A

false
a definitive diagnosis can only come through necropsy

Parasitology (10 decks)

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