Large Animal Ascarids (Roundworms) Flashcards
what is the most important parasite species of foals
parascaris spp
what are the 2 spp of Parascaris that are common in the horse
P. equorum
P. univalens
how does the infection of Parascaris equorum in foals occur
ingestion of infective eggs
how is Parascaris spp mainly spread through a farm
foal to foal
true or false
migration of Parascarid spp to the liver have major clinical importance
false
there is no clinical significance
when would you expect to see clinical signs due to an infection in a foal of parascaris
with heavy infection
what are the clinical signs of a heavy infection of Parascarids spp
pulmonary edema
pneumonia, dyspnea – vermnous pneumonia
in what equine industry is there often frequent treatments to minimize infections
thoroughbred industry – save lungs for racing
what are the results of large amounts of Parascaris spp in the intestines of horses
impair gut motility
heavy infections kill foals
intussusception/impaction / SI rupture
true or false:
ivermectin / moxidectin are the best choice for treating Parascaris
false
there is a prevalence to resistance
what are the effective treatment drugs of Parascaris
Benzimidazoles (TOC) or pyrantel
why are benzimidazoles a better choice of drug to treat parascarids spp
slower kill and does not paralyze worms (lowers load without causing impaction)
what worm is responsible for pinworm
Oxyuris equi
where does Oxyuris equi reside
distal large intestine
true or false:
the horse is the only domestic animal with a pinworm
true
what gives the eggs of O. equi the ability to be transmitted
sticky outside shell
what is the major problem to pinworm
intense perianal pruritus
true or false:
Oxyuris equi can be easily diagnoses with a fecal float
false - scotch tape test is used
true or false:
Oxyuris equi has a resistance to ivermectin and moxidectin
true
what is used to treat pinworm
benzimidazoles or pyrantel
what is the most important helminth of swine
ascaris suum
what is the route of infection with A. suum
ingestion
what are the clinical signs of A. suum
pneumonia
ill thrift
pot-belly
diarrhea
what ascarid affects cattle, bison and buffalo but not sheep or goats
Toxocara vitulorum
what is the main transmission method of T. vitulorum
transmammary
in what age of cattle is T. vitulorum mainly seen
young calves
how is T. vitulorum typically diagnosed
ascarid eggs in feces
what roundworm is common in turkeys
A. dissmilis
what are the most common parasites to be present on majority of poultry farms
ascaridia
what is the main problem with Ascaridia on poultry farms
hardiness of eggs leads to year-round infections
true or false:
most infections of ascaridia spp on a poultry farm only produce subclinical production loss
true
what are the clinical signs of a Ascaridia spp infection of a bird
lethargy
intestinal block
diarrhea
death
what is the only FDA approved treatment for Ascaridia spp
fenbendazole
true or false:
there appears to be some drug resistance when it comes to ascaridia
true
what worm is found in the cecum of poultry usually causing no direct pathology
Heterakis gallinarum
true or false:
H. gallinarum is the most important vector of Histomonas meleagridis
true
what can H. gallinarum lead to (disease)
blackhead disease
true or false:
you can get a definitive diagnosis of histomoniasis by fecal float
false
a definitive diagnosis can only come through necropsy
